Since the server might want to have a different maximum fragment length
for the outgoing messages than the negotiated one - introduce a new way of
computing it. This commit also adds additional ssl-opt.sh tests ensuring
that the maximum fragment lengths are set as expected.
mbedtls_ssl_get_max_frag_len() is now a deprecated function,
being an alias to mbedtls_ssl_get_output_max_frag_len(). The behaviour
of this function is the same as before.
Signed-off-by: Andrzej Kurek <andrzej.kurek@arm.com>
When building with MBEDTLS_MEMORY_DEBUG enabled, and running the ecdh part,
the benchmark program would start writing a very large number of space
characters on stdout, and would have to be killed because it never seemed to
terminate.
This was due to an integer overflow in computing how many space to leave after
the title in order to get memory measurements aligned, which resulted in up
to SIZE_MAX spaces being printed.
This commit just fixes the overflow, the next commit is going to fix the magic
number (12).
Signed-off-by: Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard <manuel.pegourie-gonnard@arm.com>
The server must check client reachability (we chose to do that by checking a
cookie) before destroying the existing association (RFC 6347 section 4.2.8).
Let's make sure we do, by having a proxy-in-the-middle inject a ClientHello -
the server should notice, but not destroy the connection.
Signed-off-by: Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard <manuel.pegourie-gonnard@arm.com>
When this option is enabled, the product includes additional
interfaces that enable additional tests. This option should not be
enabled in production, but is included in the "full" build to enable
the extra tests.
Signed-off-by: Gilles Peskine <Gilles.Peskine@arm.com>
Merge the latest state of the target branch (mbedtls/development) into the
pull request to merge mbed-crypto into mbedtls.
Conflicts:
* ChangeLog: add/add conflict. Resolve by using the usual section order.
In Windows cmd, `del foo` succeeds if `foo` doesn't exist, but
`del *.ext` fails if `*.ext` doesn't match any files. Therefore we use
the idiom `if exist *.ext del *.ext` to delete files matching
wildcards.
We've accidentally used `if exist $(some_list) del $(some_list)`, and
that's wrong, because it's only syntactically correct if
`$(some_list)` contains exactly one element. As long as `$(some_list)`
contains actual file names and not wildcards, just use `del $(some_list)`.
Rename identifiers containing double-underscore (`__`) to avoid `__`.
The reason to avoid double-underscore is that all identifiers
containing double-underscore are reserved in C++. Rename all such
identifiers that appear in any public header, including ssl_internal.h
which is in principle private but in practice is installed with the
public headers.
This commit makes check-names.sh pass.
```
perl -i -pe 's/\bMBEDTLS_SSL__ECP_RESTARTABLE\b/MBEDTLS_SSL_ECP_RESTARTABLE_ENABLED/g; s/\bMBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE_(_\w+)_(_\w+)\b/MBEDTLS_KEY_EXCHANGE${1}${2}/g' include/mbedtls/*.h library/*.c programs/*/*.c scripts/data_files/rename-1.3-2.0.txt tests/suites/*.function
```
Merge `unremove-non-crypto` into `mbedtls/development`. The branch
`unremove-non-crypto` was obtained by starting from `mbed-crypto/development`,
then reverting many commits that removed X.509 and TLS functionality when Mbed
Crypto forked from Mbed TLS (the “unremoval”), then make a few tweaks to
facilitate the merge.
The unremoval step restored old versions of some tls files. If a file doesn't
exist in mbed-crypto, check out the mbedtls version, regardless of what
happened during the unremoval of tls files in the crypto tree. Also
unconditionally take the mbedtls version of a few files where the
modifications are completely project-specific and are not relevant in
mbed-crypto:
* `.github/issue_template.md`: completely different. We may want to reconcile
them independently as a follow-up.
* `.travis.yml`: would only be reverted to an earlier tls version.
* `README.md`: completely different. We may want to reconcile them
independently as a follow-up.
* `doxygen/input/doc_mainpage.h`: the changes in crypto were minimal and not
relevant except as a stopgap as mbed-crypto did not have its own product
versioning in the Doxygen documentation.
* `tests/.jenkins/Jenkinsfile`: completely different.
* `tests/data_files/Makefile`: there were no changes in mbed-crypto,
but the unremoval step restored an old version.
Shell script for everything to do after the merge apart from the conflict
resolution:
```
tls_files=($(comm -23 <(git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD) <(git ls-tree -r --name-only $(git merge-base upstream-crypto/development MERGE_HEAD))))
tls_files+=($tls_files .github/issue_template.md .travis.yml README.md doxygen/input/doc_mainpage.h tests/.jenkins/Jenkinsfile tests/data_files/Makefile)
git checkout --theirs HEAD -- $tls_files
git add -- $tls_files
```
Resolve the remaining conflicts:
* `library/CMakeLists.txt`:
* Keep the TLS definition of `src_crypto`
* `USE_SHARED_MBEDTLS_LIBRARY`: keep all three libraries, with both
`include` and `crypto/include` in `target_include_directories`, all with
version `2.21.0`.
* `programs/Makefile`:
* Reconcile the APPS lists (add/add from a differently-formatted common
ancestor): insert the `psa/*` from crypto into the tls list.
* Keep the `fuzz` target defined only in tls version.
* Keep the recipe (only in tls version) cleaning `ssl_pthread_server`
stuff for the `clean` target.
* `scripts/config.py`:
* `include_in_full`: add/add conflict. Keep both.
* `tests/scripts/all.sh`:
* `component_test_no_use_psa_crypto_full_cmake_asan`: partially old
version in crypto. Take the tls version.
* `component_test_malloc_0_null` and more: take
`component_test_malloc_0_null` from crypto (with `config.py` rather than
`config.pl`, and with `$ASAN_FLAGS` rather than an explicit list), but
add the call to `ssl-opt.sh` from tls. Take the other components from
crypto.
With this commit, building and running the unit tests with both `make ` and
`cmake` work in the default configuration on Linux. Other platforms, build
systems and configurations are likely not to work, and there is some
regression in test coverage.
There is some loss of functionality because the unremoval step restored older
versions of tls content. This commit contains the latest tls version of
tls-only files, but some changes from the tls side in files that existed on
both sides have regressed. Most problematic changes are hunks that remove some
tls-specific feature and contain either a C preprocessor symbol identifying a
tls-specific module or option, or the name of a tls-specific file. Hunks
that remove a tls-specific preprocessor symbol can be identified with the
regular expression `^-.*MBEDTLS_(ERR_)?(PKCS11|X509|NET|SSL)_`.
Subsequent commits will revert a few parts of the patch from this merge commit
in order to restore the tls functionality that it removes, ensure that the
test coverage includes what was covered in either branch, and fix test
failures.
Even if other higher-level libraries were added, these programs would
only link with the crypto library, which is the one that contains
platform functions.
This reverts commit bea98b4581.
Conflicts:
* programs/Makefile:
* APPS: the layout of the definition has changed. re-add dh_client
and dh_server appropriately.
Run scripts/generate_visualc_files.pl to account for the added programs.
This reverts commit d832f187f7.
Conflicts:
* CMakeLists.txt:
* USE_PKCS11_HELPER_LIBRARY: there has been a change immediately before
where it was removed. Just re-add what was removed.
* tests/CMakeLists.txt:
* USE_PKCS11_HELPER_LIBRARY: there has been a change immediately before
where it was removed. Just re-add what was removed.
This reverts commit d874a1fd14.
Conflicts:
* CMakeLists.txt:
* ENABLE_ZLIB_SUPPORT: there has been a change immediately after
where it was removed. Just re-add what was removed.
* tests/CMakeLists.txt:
* ENABLE_ZLIB_SUPPORT: there has been a change immediately after
where it was removed. Just re-add what was removed.
This reverts commit 1c66e48670.
Conflicts:
* include/mbedtls/check_config.h:
* MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_SSL3: there has been an addition (of
MBEDTLS_SHA512_NO_SHA384) at the place where it was removed. Re-add it
after (alphabetical order).
* MBEDTLS_ENABLE_WEAK_CIPHERSUITES: there has been an addition (of
MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_USE_128_BIT_KEY) at the place where it was removed.
Re-add it after (alphabetical order).
* MBEDTLS_SSL_ALL_ALERT_MESSAGES: there has been an addition (of
MBEDTLS_SHA512_SMALLER) at the place where it was removed. Re-add it
after (alphabetical order).
* include/mbedtls/config.h:
* MBEDTLS_ENABLE_WEAK_CIPHERSUITES: there has been an addition (of
MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_USE_128_BIT_KEY) at the place where it was removed.
Re-add it after (alphabetical order).
* MBEDTLS_SSL_ALL_ALERT_MESSAGES: there has been an addition (of
MBEDTLS_SHA512_SMALLER) at the place where it was removed. Re-add it
after (alphabetical order).
* library/version_features.c: re-generate by running
scripts/generate_features.pl.
* programs/test/query_config.c: re-generate by running
scripts/generate_query_config.pl.
* scripts/config.pl: this file has been replaced by config.py. Port
the reversed changes to config.py:
* Revert removing three symbols from the list of symbols to
exclude from full.
* Revert removing one symbol (MBEDTLS_NET_C) from the list of symbols
to exclude from baremetal.
* scripts/footprint.sh:
* Re-add the line to unset MBEDTLS_NET_C, but with config.py instead of
config.pl.
* tests/scripts/all.sh:
* component_test_no_platform: re-add the line to unset MBEDTLS_NET_C, but
with config.py instead of config.pl.
* component_build_arm_none_eabi_gcc,
component_build_arm_none_eabi_gcc_no_udbl_division,
component_build_arm_none_eabi_gcc_no_64bit_multiplication,
component_build_armcc: these components now use the baremetal
configuration, so they do not need to turn off MBEDTLS_NET_C explicitly.
This reverts commit bb1f701212.
* include/mbedtls/check_config.h:
* MBEDTLS_X509_RSASSA_PSS_SUPPORT: there has been an addition (of
MBEDTLS_SHA512_NO_SHA384) at the place where it was removed.
Re-add it before MBEDTLS_SHA512_NO_SHA384 to keep it grouped
with MBEDTLS_RSA_C.
Conflicts:
* scripts/config.pl: this file has been replaced by config.py. Port
the reversed changes to config.py:
* Revert removing three symbols from the list of symbols to
exclude from full.
The ssl-opt.sh test cases using session resumption tend to fail occasionally
on the CI due to a race condition in how ssl_server2 and ssl_client2 handle
the reconnection cycle.
The server does the following in order:
- S1 send application data
- S2 send a close_notify alert
- S3 close the client socket
- S4 wait for a "new connection" (actually a new datagram)
- S5 start a handshake
The client does the following in order:
- C1 wait for and read application data from the server
- C2 send a close_notify alert
- C3 close the server socket
- C4 reset session data and re-open a server socket
- C5 start a handshake
If the client has been able to send the close_notify (C2) and if has been
delivered to the server before if closes the client socket (S3), when the
server reaches S4, the datagram that we start the new connection will be the
ClientHello and everything will be fine.
However if S3 wins the race and happens before the close_notify is delivered,
in S4 the close_notify is what will be seen as the first datagram in a new
connection, and then in S5 this will rightfully be rejected as not being a
valid ClientHello and the server will close the connection (and go wait for
another one). The client will then fail to read from the socket and exit
non-zero and the ssl-opt.sh harness will correctly report this as a failure.
In order to avoid this race condition in test using ssl_client2 and
ssl_server2, this commits introduces a new command-line option
skip_close_notify to ssl_client2 and uses it in all ssl-opt.sh tests that use
session resumption with DTLS and ssl_server2.
This works because ssl_server2 knows how many messages it expects in each
direction and in what order, and closes the connection after that rather than
relying on close_notify (which is also why there was a race in the first
place).
Tests that use another server (in practice there are two of them, using
OpenSSL as a server) wouldn't work with skip_close_notify, as the server won't
close the connection until the client sends a close_notify, but for the same
reason they don't need it (there is no race between receiving close_notify and
closing as the former is the cause of the later).
An alternative approach would be to make ssl_server2 keep the connection open
until it receives a close_notify. Unfortunately it creates problems for tests
where we simulate a lossy network, as the close_notify could be lost (and the
client can't retransmit it). We could modify udp_proxy with an option to never
drop alert messages, but when TLS 1.3 comes that would no longer work as the
type of messages will be encrypted.
Signed-off-by: Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard <manuel.pegourie-gonnard@arm.com>
On a valid RSA public key, mbedtls_rsa_export should succeed if you
ask for the public fields, but fail if you ask for private fields. The
code was expecting to succeed when asking for private fields, so
failed on every valid RSA public key.
Add a very basic test of calloc to the selftest program. The selftest
program acts in its capacity as a platform compatibility checker rather
than in its capacity as a test of the library.
The main objective is to report whether calloc returns NULL for a size
of 0. Also observe whether a free/alloc sequence returns the address
that was just freed and whether a size overflow is properly detected.
You can't reuse a CTR_DRBG context without free()ing it and
re-init()ing. This generally happened to work, but was never
guaranteed. It could have failed with alternative implementations of
the AES module because mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed() calls
mbedtls_aes_init() on a context which is already initialized if
mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed() hasn't been called before, plausibly causing a
memory leak. Calling free() and seed() with no intervening init fails
when MBEDTLS_THREADING_C is enabled and all-bits-zero is not a valid
mutex representation. So add the missing free() and init().
When building with CMake, for sample programs that only use
functionality in libmbedcrypto and libmbedx509, link with
libmbedx509, not with libmbedtls.
cert_app makes a TLS connection, so do link it with libmbedtls.
When building with CMake, for sample programs that only use
functionality in libmbedcrypto (i.e. crypto and platform), link with
libmbedcrypto, not with libmbedtls.
This doesn't change the result, because the linker skips libraries in
which no symbol is used, but it changes the build dependencies, and it
has the advantage of bringing programs/*/CMakeLists.txt closer to the
corresponding files under crypto/.
The programs concerned are crypto sample and test programs, and
programs that only use (potential) platform functions such as
mbedtls_printf. dh_client and dh_server keep linking with mbedtls
because they use functions from the net_sockets module.
As the SSL programs, like ssl_client2 and ssl_server2, are dependent on
SSL and therefore about to be removed, the only consumer of query_config
is the query_compile_time_config test. As such, it makes sense to move
query_config to be next to what uses it.
There is some commented out X.509 certificate writing code present in
rsa_genkey. It looks like it has been commented out since the beginning
of time. Let's remove it, since commented out code is not in good style.
If `context_buf = mbedtls_calloc( 1, buf_len )` failed,
`context_buf_len` was not initialized. Noticed by
`gcc -Os -Werror=maybe-uninitialized`.
This was only a problem in ssl_server2 (a test program), only with
MBEDTLS_SSL_CONTEXT_SERIALIZATION enabled.
Files deleted by us: keep them deleted.
```
git rm $(git status -s | sed -n 's/^DU //p')
```
Individual files with conflicts:
* `README.md`: keep the crypto version.
* `doxygen/input/doc_mainpage.h`: keep the crypto version (with an obsolete Mbed Crypto version number).
* `include/mbedtls/error.h`:
* `ERROR`: similar additions made through parallel commits, with only whitespace differences. Align with the tls version.
* `library/CMakeLists.txt`: keep the crypto version.
* `library/Makefile`: keep the crypto version.
* `scripts/generate_errors.pl`: keep the crypto version (the relevant changes were made through parallel commits).
* `tests/scripts/check-test-cases.py`:
* `Results`: keep the crypto version, which has both the new argument to the constructor (added in crypto only) and the class docstring (added through parallel commits).
* `tests/suites/helpers.function`:
* `ARRAY_LENGTH`, `ASSERT_ALLOC`: additions in the same location. Keep both, in indifferent order.
* `tests/suites/target_test.function`:
* `receive_uint32`: keep the crypto version which has an additional bug fix. The tls changes made in tls are irrelevant after this bug fix.
* `visualc/VS2010/mbedTLS.vcxproj`: run `scripts/generate_visualc_files.pl`.
Review of non-conflicting changes:
* `all.sh`: 1 change.
* zlib test components: don't add them.
* `include/CMakeLists.txt`: 1 change.
* `target_include_directories`: doesn't work as is (different target name). Don't take the change.
* All other non-conflicting changes: take them.
All key types now have an encoding on 32 bits where the bottom 16 bits
are zero. Change to using 16 bits only.
Keep 32 bits for key types in storage, but move the significant
half-word from the top to the bottom.
Likewise, change EC curve and DH group families from 32 bits out of
which the top 8 and bottom 16 bits are zero, to 8 bits only.
Reorder psa_core_key_attributes_t to avoid padding.
* origin/development:
Remove unused test data file
Remove component designed to test MAX_SIGNATURE_SIZE
Use MBEDTLS_PK_SIGNATURE_MAX_SIZE in pkey sample programs
Use MBEDTLS_PK_SIGNATURE_MAX_SIZE in X.509
Update crypto submodule
x509write_csr: Reduce stack usage of mbedtls_x509write_csr_pem()
Fix mbedtls_ssl_check_record usage with ext buf
Shorter version of mbedtls_ssl_send_fatal_handshake_failure
Resolve#2801 - remove repetitive assignment to ssl->in_msg (the first value was never used)
Resolve#2800 - move declaration to avoid unused variable warning in case MBEDTLS_SSL_PROTO_DTLS was undefined
Resolve#2717 - remove erroneous sizeof (the operator was applied to constant integer number)
Fix potential resource leak in sslserver2 example
X.509: Add numerous negative parsing tests for CertificatePolicy ext
X.509: Adapt negative parsing test for no data in CrtPolicy ext
X.509: Move negative tests for CertificatePolicy parsing
X.509: Remove CRT policy parsing test 'bool len missing'
First deal with deleted files.
* Files deleted by us: keep them deleted.
* Files deleted by them, whether modified by us or not: keep our version.
```
git rm $(git status -s | sed -n 's/^DU //p')
git reset -- $(git status -s | sed -n 's/^D //p')
git checkout -- $(git status -s | sed -n 's/^ D //p')
git add -- $(git status -s | sed -n 's/^UD //p')
```
Individual files with conflicts:
* `3rdparty/everest/library/Hacl_Curve25519_joined.c`: spurious conflict because git mistakenly identified this file as a rename. Keep our version.
* `README.md`: conflict due to their change in a paragraph that doesn't exist in our version. Keep our version of this paragraph.
* `docs/architecture/Makefile`: near-identical additions. Adapt the definition of `all_markdown` and include the clean target.
* `doxygen/input/docs_mainpage.h`: conflict in the version number. Keep our version number.
* `include/mbedtls/config.h`: two delete/modify conflicts. Keep the removed chunks out.
* `library/CMakeLists.txt`: discard all their changes as they are not relevant.
* `library/Makefile`:
* Discard the added chunk about the crypto submodule starting with `INCLUDING_FROM_MBEDTLS:=1`.
* delete/modify: keep the removed chunk out.
* library build: This is almost delete/modify. Their changes are mostly not applicable. Do keep the `libmbedcrypto.$(DLEXT): | libmbedcrypto.a` order dependency.
* `.c.o`: `-o` was added on both sides but in a different place. Change to their place.
* `library/error.c`: to be regenerated.
* `library/version_features.c`: to be regenerated.
* `programs/Makefile`: Most of the changes are not relevant. The one relevant change is in the `clean` target for Windows; adapt it by removing `/S` from our version.
* `programs/test/query_config.c`: to be regenerated.
* `scripts/config.py`: added in parallel on both sides. Keep our version.
* `scripts/footprint.sh`: parallel changes. Keep our version.
* `scripts/generate_visualc_files.pl`: one delete/modify conflict. Keep the removed chunks out.
* `tests/Makefile`: discard all of their changes.
* `tests/scripts/all.sh`:
* `pre_initialize_variables` add `append_outcome`: add it.
* `pre_initialize_variables` add `ASAN_CFLAGS`: already there, keep our version.
* `pre_parse_command_line` add `--no-append-outcome`: add it.
* `pre_parse_command_line` add `--outcome-file`: add it.
* `pre_print_configuration`: add `MBEDTLS_TEST_OUTCOME_FILE`.
* Several changes in SSL-specific components: keep our version without them.
* Several changes where `config.pl` was changed to `config.py` and there was an adjacent difference: keep our version.
* Changes regarding the inclusion of `MBEDTLS_MEMORY_xxx`: ignore them here, they will be normalized in a subsequent commit.
* `component_test_full_cmake_gcc_asan`: add it without the TLS tests.
* `component_test_no_use_psa_crypto_full_cmake_asan`: keep the fixed `msg`, discard other changes.
* `component_test_memory_buffer_allocator_backtrace`, `component_test_memory_buffer_allocator`: add them without the TLS tests.
* `component_test_m32_everest`: added in parallel on both sides. Keep our version.
* `tests/scripts/check-names.sh`, `tests/scripts/list-enum-consts.pl`, `tests/scripts/list-identifiers.sh`, ``tests/scripts/list-macros.sh`: discard all of their changes.
* `tests/scripts/test-ref-configs.pl`: the change in the conflict is not relevant, so keep our version there.
* `visualc/VS2010/*.vcxproj`: to be regenerated.
Regenerate files:
```
scripts/generate_visualc_files.pl
git add visualc/VS2010/*.vcxproj
scripts/generate_errors.pl
git add library/error.c
scripts/generate_features.pl
git add library/version_features.c
scripts/generate_query_config.pl
git add programs/test/query_config.c
```
Rejected changes in non-conflicting files:
* `CMakeLists.txt`: discard their addition which has already been side-ported.
* `doxygen/mbedtls.doxyfile`: keep the version number change. Discard the changes related to `../crypto` paths.
Keep the following changes after examination:
* `.travis.yml`: all of their changes are relevant.
* `include/mbedtls/error.h`: do keep their changes. Even though Crypto doesn't use TLS errors, it must not encroach on TLS's allocated numbers.
* `tests/scripts/check-test-cases.py`: keep the code dealing with `ssl-opt.sh`. It works correctly when the file is not present.
You can't reuse a CTR_DRBG context without free()ing it and
re-init()ing. This generally happened to work, but was never
guaranteed. It could have failed with alternative implementations of
the AES module because mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed() calls
mbedtls_aes_init() on a context which is already initialized if
mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed() hasn't been called before, plausibly causing a
memory leak. Calling free() and seed() with no intervening init fails
when MBEDTLS_THREADING_C is enabled and all-bits-zero is not a valid
mutex representation. So add the missing free() and init().
* origin/pr/2765: (28 commits)
Add set+get tests
Consolidate tests for set with/without values
config.py testing: also test the get command
Compatibility redirect: add copyright notice
Compatibility redirect: if python3 is not available, try python
Fix config.py output when a symbol has acquired or lost a value
Remove redundant test case
cmake: update interpreter requirement for the test suite generator
cmake: fix Python requirement
Test script for config.py
Documentation improvements
Fix "#define ... not found" error when using the default file name
Fix "--force set" without a value sneaking a None in
Fix --force requiring an argument
Fix Config.unset() making the name known
Also search config.h near the script
Report an error if switching to Python fails
Fix 'config.py set' without --force
Fix encoding errors
Print help when invoked with no arguments
...
Add a very basic test of calloc to the selftest program. The selftest
program acts in its capacity as a platform compatibility checker rather
than in its capacity as a test of the library.
The main objective is to report whether calloc returns NULL for a size
of 0. Also observe whether a free/alloc sequence returns the address
that was just freed and whether a size overflow is properly detected.
git grep -Fl /config.pl | xargs sed -i -e 's!/config\.pl!/config.py!g'
Also:
* Change one comment in include/mbedtls/check_config.h.
* Change PERL to PYTHON in CMakeLists.txt.
Make client_random and server_random const in
mbedtls_ssl_export_keys_ext_t, so that the key exporter is discouraged
from modifying the client/server hello.
Update examples and tests use const for hello.random as well, to ensure
that the export callbacks are of the proper type.
Fixes#2759
This commit adds command line options
- nss_keylog=0/1
- nss_keylog_file=FILENAME
to the example programs ssl/ssl_client2 and ssl/ssl_server2 which
allow to print and export the session keys in the NSS keylog
for debugging purposes.
* origin/development:
Fix uninitialized variable in x509_crt
Add a ChangeLog entry for mbedtls_net_close()
Added mbedtls_net_close and use it in ssl_fork_server to correctly disassociate the client socket from the parent process and the server socket from the child process.
Add ChangeLog entry
fix memory leak in mpi_miller_rabin()
* origin/pr/2803:
Add a ChangeLog entry for mbedtls_net_close()
Added mbedtls_net_close and use it in ssl_fork_server to correctly disassociate the client socket from the parent process and the server socket from the child process.
* origin/development: (42 commits)
Handle deleting non-existant files on Windows
Update submodule
Use 3rdparty headers from the submodule
Add Everest components to all.sh
3rdparty: Add config checks for Everest
Fix macros in benchmark.c
Update generated files
3rdparty: Fix inclusion order of CMakeLists.txt
Fix trailing whitespace
ECDH: Fix inclusion of platform.h for proper use of MBEDTLS_ERR_PLATFORM_FEATURE_UNSUPPORTED
ECDH: Fix use of ECDH API in full handshake benchmark
ECDH: Removed unnecessary calls to mbedtls_ecp_group_load in ECDH benchmark
ECDH: Fix Everest x25519 make_public
Fix file permissions
3rdparty: Rename THIRDPARTY_OBJECTS
3rdparty: Update description of MBEDTLS_ECDH_VARIANT_EVEREST_ENABLED
3rdparty: Fix Makefile coding conventions
ECDSA: Refactor return value checks for mbedtls_ecdsa_can_do
Add a changelog entry for Everest ECDH (X25519)
Document that curve lists can include partially-supported curves
...
If we try to delete a non-existant file using del on Windows, as
can happen when running make clean, del will throw an error. Make
the Makefiles more robust by only deleting files if they exist.
* origin/development: (114 commits)
Don't redefine calloc and free
Add changelog entry to record checking
Fix compiler warning
Add debug messages
Remove duplicate entries from ChangeLog
Fix parameter name in doxygen
Add missing guards for mac usage
Improve reability and debugability of large if
Fix a typo in a comment
Fix MSVC warning
Fix compile error in reduced configurations
Avoid duplication of session format header
Implement config-checking header to context s11n
Provide serialisation API only if it's enabled
Fix compiler warning: comparing signed to unsigned
Actually reset the context on save as advertised
Re-use buffer allocated by handshake_init()
Enable serialisation tests in ssl-opt.sh
Change requirements for setting timer callback
Add setting of forced fields when deserializing
...
The code wants timer callbacks to be set (checked in fetch_input()), and can't
easily check whether we're using nbio, so it seems easier to require the
callbacks to be always set rather than only with nbio as was previously done.
context_buf was never free()d. Moreover, since we want to free it on error
paths as well, and even properly zeroize it in order to demonstrate good
memory hygiene, we need to make it and its length main()-scoped.
Previously it was missing reset in case 1, and in case 2 the code was never
executed as the option value was reset to 0.
Tighten checking of return values of save(NULL, 0) now that it works.
Also, improve the printed output as well as the comments.
I checked manually that everything now works and fail in the expected way:
save, reset-or-reinit and load all succeed, but the subsequent read or write
fails.
This is enabled by default as we generally enable things by default unless
there's a reason not to (experimental, deprecated, security risk).
We need a compile-time option because, even though the functions themselves
can be easily garbage-collected by the linker, implementing them will require
saving 64 bytes of Client/ServerHello.random values after the handshake, that
would otherwise not be needed, and people who don't need this feature
shouldn't have to pay the price of increased RAM usage.
We have explicit recommendations to use US spelling for technical writing, so
let's apply this to code as well for uniformity. (My fingers tend to prefer UK
spelling, so this needs to be fixed in many places.)
sed -i 's/\([Ss]eriali\)s/\1z/g' **/*.[ch] **/*.function **/*.data ChangeLog
This allows callers to discover what an appropriate size is. Otherwise they'd
have to either try repeatedly, or allocate an overly large buffer (or some
combination of those).
Adapt documentation an example usage in ssl_client2.
Avoid useless copy with mbedtls_ssl_get_session() before serialising.
Used in ssl_client2 for testing and demonstrating usage, but unfortunately
that means mbedtls_ssl_get_session() is no longer tested, which will be fixed
in the next commit.
This provides basic testing for the session (de)serialisation functions, as
well as an example of how to use them.
Tested locally with tests/ssl-opt.sh -f '^Session resume'.
* origin/development: (51 commits)
Fix possibly-lossy conversion warning from MSVC
Reintroduce length 0 check for records
Don't use memcpy() for 2-byte copy operation
Remove integer parsing macro
Fix alignment in record header parsing routine
Don't disallow 'record from another epoch' log msg in proxy ref test
Make sure 'record from another epoch' is displayed for next epoch
Implement record checking API
Mark ssl_parse_record_header() as `const` in SSL context
Make mbedtls_ssl_in_hdr_len() CID-unaware
Remove duplicate setting of ssl->in_msgtype and ssl->in_msglen
Move update of in_xxx fields in ssl_get_next_record()
Move update of in_xxx fields outside of ssl_prepare_record_content()
Reduce dependency of ssl_prepare_record_content() on in_xxx fields
Move ssl_update_in_pointers() to after record hdr parsing
Mark DTLS replay check as `const` on the SSL context
Move updating the internal rec ptrs to outside of rec hdr parsing
Mark ssl_decrypt_buf() as `const in the input SSL context
Adapt ssl_prepare_record_content() to use SSL record structure
Use record length from record structure when fetching content in TLS
...
* origin/pr/2781:
Documentation fixes according to review
Remove unused label in ssl_client2/ssl_server2
Add missing word in documentation of mbedtls_ssl_check_record()
cli/srv ex: Add dbg msg if record checking gives inconsistent result
Fix minor issues in documentation of mbedtls_ssl_check_record()
State that record checking is DTLS only and doesn't check content type
Update version_features.c
Pass dgrams to mbedtls_ssl_check_record in ssl_client2/server2
Add IO wrappers to ssl_server2 as interm's between NET and SSL layer
Add IO wrappers to ssl_client2 as interm's between NET and SSL layer
Introduce configuration option and API for SSL record checking
* development:
Rename local variables
Update submodule
Update Visual studio project file
Move the examples to PSA 1.0
Use psa_raw_key_agreement
Remove calls to psa_allocate_key
Make variable naming consistent
Update psa_create_key to PSA 1.0
Update psa_import_key to PSA 1.0
Update psa_generator_abort to PSA 1.0
Update psa_generator_read to PSA 1.0
Update psa_crypto_generator_t to PSA 1.0
Update psa_key_agreement to PSA 1.0
Update GENERATOR_INIT macro to PSA 1.0
Update KEYPAIR macros to PSA 1.0
All the core examples have been modified not to return from main
by the means of the return statement, but rather via exit() function,
which was done to make the examples more bare metal friendly.
This commit, for the sake of consistency, introduces the modifications
to the test and utility examples. These, while less likely to be used
in the low level environments, won't suffer from such a change.
This is done to account for platforms, for which we want custom behavior
upon the program termination, hence we call `mbedtls_exit()` instead of
returning from `main()`.
Conflict resolution:
* `scripts/config.pl`:
Take the exclusion of `MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_SE_C` from the API branch.
Take the removal of `MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_STORAGE_ITS_C` (obsolete) from
the development branch.
* `tests/scripts/all.sh`:
Multiple instances of factoring a sequence of `config.pl` calls into
a mere `config.pl baremetal` in the development branch, and a change in
the composition of `baremetal` in the API branch. In each case, take the
version from development.
* `tests/suites/test_suite_psa_crypto_slot_management.function`:
A function became non-static in development and disappeared in the API
branch. Keep the version from the API branch. Functions need to be
non-static if they're defined but unused in some configurations,
which is not the case for any function in this file at the moment.
* `tests/suites/test_suite_psa_crypto.function`:
Consecutive changes in the two branches, reconciled.
Resolve conflicts by performing the following operations:
- Reject changes related to building a crypto submodule, since Mbed
Crypto is the crypto submodule.
- Reject X.509, NET, and SSL changes.
- Reject changes to README, as Mbed Crypto is a different project from
Mbed TLS, with a different README.
- Avoid adding mention of ssl-opt.sh in a comment near some modified
code in include/CMakeLists.txt (around where ENABLE_TESTING as added).
- Align config.pl in Mbed TLS with config.pl in Mbed Crypto where PSA
options are concerned, to make future merging easier. There is no
reason for the two to be different in this regard, now that Mbed TLS
always depends on Mbed Crypto. Remaining differences are only the
PSA_CRYPTO_KEY_FILE_ID_ENCODES_OWNER option and the absence of X.509,
NET, and SSL related options in Mbed Crypto's config.pl.
- Align config.h in Mbed Crypto with Mbed TLS's copy, with a few notable
exceptions:
- Leave CMAC on by default.
- Leave storage on by default (including ITS emulation).
- Avoid documenting the PSA Crypto API as is in beta stage in
documentation for MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_C.
The only remaining differences are a lack of X.509, NET, and SSL
options in Mbed Crypto's config.h, as well as an additional
Mbed-Crypto-specific PSA_CRYPTO_KEY_FILE_ID_ENCODES_OWNER option.
Documentation for the check params feature and related macros is also
updated to match Mbed TLS's description.
- Reject tests/data_files/Makefile changes to generate DER versions of
CRTs and keys, as none of those are used by Mbed Crypto tests.
- Add the "no PEM and no filesystem" test to all.sh, without ssl-opt.sh
run, as Mbed Crypto doesn't have ssl-opt.sh. Also remove use of PSA
Crypto storage and ITS emulation, since those depend on filesystem
support.
- Reject addition of test when no ciphersuites have MAC to all.sh, as
the option being tested, MBEDTLS_SSL_SOME_MODES_USE_MAC, is not
present in Mbed Crypto.
- Use baremetal config in all.sh, as Mbed Crypto's baremetal
configuration does exclude the net module (as it doesn't exist in Mbed
Crypto)
- Reject cmake_subproject_build changes, continuing to link only
libmbedcrypto.
- Reject changes to visualc and associated templates. Mbed Crypto
doesn't need additional logic to handle submodule-sourced headers.
- Avoid adding fuzzers from Mbed TLS. The only relevant fuzzers are the
privkey and pubkey fuzzers, but non-trivial work would be required to
integrate those into Mbed Crypto (more than is comfortable in a merge
commit).
- Reject addition of Docker wrappers for compat.sh and ssl-opt.sh, as
those are not present in Mbed Crypto.
- Remove calls to SSL-related scripts from basic-in-docker.sh
Fix test errors by performing the following:
- Avoid using a link that Doxygen can't seem to resolve in Mbed Crypto,
but can resolve in Mbed TLS. In documentation for
MBEDTLS_CHECK_PARAMS, don't attempt to link to MBEDTLS_PARAM_FAILED.
* origin/development: (339 commits)
Do not build fuzz on windows
No booleans and import config
Removing space before opening parenthesis
Style corrections
Syntax fix
Fixes warnings from MSVC
Add a linker flag to enable gcov in basic-build-test.sh
Update crypto submodule to a revision with the HAVEGE header changes
Test with MBEDTLS_ECP_RESTARTABLE
Allow TODO in code
Use the docstring in the command line help
Split _abi_compliance_command into smaller functions
Record the commits that were compared
Document how to build the typical argument for -s
Allow running /somewhere/else/path/to/abi_check.py
tests: Limit each log to 10 GiB
Warn if VLAs are used
Remove redundant compiler flag
Consistently spell -Wextra
Fix parsing issue when int parameter is in base 16
...
There is now a test that ensures all headers are included in the
cpp_dummy_build test, so we can't remove compat-1.3.h from the
cpp_dummy_build test until we remove compat-1.3.h.
This reverts commit 2b725ef727.
* origin/development: (36 commits)
Do not build fuzz on windows
No booleans and import config
Removing space before opening parenthesis
Style corrections
Syntax fix
Fixes warnings from MSVC
Add a linker flag to enable gcov in basic-build-test.sh
tests: Limit each log to 10 GiB
Fix parsing issue when int parameter is in base 16
checks MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C
Restore programs/fuzz/Makefile after in-tree cmake
Move fuzz directory to programs
Documentation for corpus generation
Restore tests/fuzz/Makefile after in-tree cmake
Adding ifdefs to avoid warnings for unused globals
Adds LDFLAGS fsanitize=address
Refactor receive_uint32()
Refactor get_byte function
Make the script portable to both pythons
Update the test encoding to support python3
...
* origin/pr/1622: (29 commits)
Do not build fuzz on windows
No booleans and import config
Removing space before opening parenthesis
Style corrections
Syntax fix
Fixes warnings from MSVC
Add a linker flag to enable gcov in basic-build-test.sh
checks MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C
Restore programs/fuzz/Makefile after in-tree cmake
Move fuzz directory to programs
Documentation for corpus generation
Restore tests/fuzz/Makefile after in-tree cmake
Adding ifdefs to avoid warnings for unused globals
Adds LDFLAGS fsanitize=address
Ignore compiled object files and executables
Also clean the fuzz subdirectory
copyediting README.md
Protecting client/server fuzz targts with ifdefs
Makefile support 1
Fuzz README and direct compilation
...
* origin/development: (33 commits)
Test with MBEDTLS_ECP_RESTARTABLE
Allow TODO in code
Use the docstring in the command line help
Split _abi_compliance_command into smaller functions
Record the commits that were compared
Document how to build the typical argument for -s
Allow running /somewhere/else/path/to/abi_check.py
Warn if VLAs are used
Remove redundant compiler flag
Consistently spell -Wextra
Update Mbed Crypto to contain mbed-crypto#152
Improve compatibility with firewalled networks
Dockerfile: apt -> apt-get
Change Docker container to bionic
Clean up file prologue comments
Add docker-based test scripts
ChangeLog: Add ChangeLog entry for #2681
Allow declarations after statements
CMake: Add a subdirectory build regression test
README: Enable builds as a CMake subproject
...
Secure element support has its own source file, and in addition
requires many hooks in other files. This is a nontrivial amount of
code, so make it optional (but default on).
Add the compile time option PSA_PRE_1_0_KEY_DERIVATION. If this is not
turned on, then the function `psa_key_derivation()` is removed.
Most of the tests regarding key derivation haven't been adapted to the
new API yet and some of them have only been adapted partially. When this
new option is turned off, the tests using the old API and test cases
using the old API of partially adapted tests are skipped.
The sole purpose of this option is to make the transition to the new API
smoother. Once the transition is complete it can and should be removed
along with the old API and its implementation.
* restricted/pr/573:
Remove redundant config.pl call
Add a test for signing content with a long ECDSA key
Add documentation notes about the required size of the signature buffers
Add missing MBEDTLS_ECP_C dependencies in check_config.h
Change size of preallocated buffer for pk_sign() calls
* origin/pr/2711:
programs: Make `make clean` clean all programs always
ssl_tls: Enable Suite B with subset of ECP curves
windows: Fix Release x64 configuration
platform: Include stdarg.h where needed
timing: Remove redundant include file
net_sockets: Fix typo in net_would_block()
* origin/pr/2697:
Update crypto submodule
Add all.sh component that exercises invalid_param checks
Remove mbedtls_param_failed from programs
Make it easier to define MBEDTLS_PARAM_FAILED as assert
Make test suites compatible with #include <assert.h>
Pass -m32 to the linker as well
Don't systematically rebuild programs
* origin/pr/2681:
unconditional mbedtls_ssl_conf_rng
Adding usage and removing dummy random
comment alignment
Commit to C90 style
Adds missing ret definition
More clarity for ifdef orders
Only warns if MBEDTLS_HAVE_TIME
Option used added in string
Code review
Style fixes
SSL reproducible test mode
If `make TEST_CPP:=1` is run, and then `make clean` (as opposed to `make
TEST_CPP:=1 clean`), the cpp_dummy_build will be left behind after the
clean. Make `make clean more convenient to use by removing programs that
could be generated from any configuration, not just the active one.
Fixes#1862
* origin/pr/2430:
Document support for MD2 and MD4 in programs/x509/cert_write
Correct name of X.509 parsing test for well-formed, ill-signed CRT
Add test cases exercising successful verification of MD2/MD4/MD5 CRT
Add test case exercising verification of valid MD2 CRT
Add MD[245] test CRTs to tree
Add instructions for MD[245] test CRTs to tests/data_files/Makefile
Add suppport for MD2 to CSR and CRT writing example programs
Remove use of MD2 in further x509parse tests
Convert further x509parse tests to use lower-case hex data
Correct placement of ChangeLog entry
Adapt ChangeLog
Use SHA-256 instead of MD2 in X.509 CRT parsing tests
Consistently use lower case hex data in X.509 parsing tests
* origin/pr/2260:
Update crypto submodule
Remove heading spaces in tests/data_files/Makefile
Re-generate library/certs.c from script
Add new line at the end of test-ca2.key.enc
Use strict syntax to annotate origin of test data in certs.c
Add run to all.sh exercising !MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C + !MBEDTLS_FS_IO
Allow DHM self test to run without MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C
ssl-opt.sh: Auto-skip tests that use files if MBEDTLS_FS_IO unset
Document origin of hardcoded certificates in library/certs.c
Adapt ChangeLog
Rename server1.der to server1.crt.der
Add DER encoded files to git tree
Add build instructions to generate DER versions of CRTs and keys
Document "none" value for ca_path/ca_file in ssl_client2/ssl_server2
ssl_server2: Skip CA setup if `ca_path` or `ca_file` argument "none"
ssl_client2: Skip CA setup if `ca_path` or `ca_file` argument "none"
Correct white spaces in ssl_server2 and ssl_client2
Adapt ssl_client2 to parse DER encoded test CRTs if PEM is disabled
Adapt ssl_server2 to parse DER encoded test CRTs if PEM is disabled
All sample and test programs had a definition of mbedtls_param_failed.
This was necessary because we wanted to be able to build them in a
configuration with MBEDTLS_CHECK_PARAMS set but without a definition
of MBEDTLS_PARAM_FAILED. Now that we activate the sample definition of
MBEDTLS_PARAM_FAILED in config.h when testing with
MBEDTLS_CHECK_PARAMS set, this boilerplate code is no longer needed.
Introduce a new configuration option MBEDTLS_CHECK_PARAMS_ASSERT,
which is disabled by default. When this option is enabled,
MBEDTLS_PARAM_FAILED defaults to assert rather than to a call to
mbedtls_param_failed, and <assert.h> is included.
This fixes#2671 (no easy way to make MBEDTLS_PARAM_FAILED assert)
without breaking backward compatibility. With this change,
`config.pl full` runs tests with MBEDTLS_PARAM_FAILED set to assert,
so the tests will fail if a validation check fails, and programs don't
need to provide their own definition of mbedtls_param_failed().
To prevent dropping the same message over and over again, the UDP proxy
test application programs/test/udp_proxy _logically_ maintains a mapping
from records to the number of times the record has already been dropped,
and stops dropping once a configurable threshold (currently 2) is passed.
However, the actual implementation deviates from this logical view
in two crucial respects:
- To keep the implementation simple and independent of
implementations of suitable map interfaces, it only counts how
many times a record of a given _size_ has been dropped, and
stops dropping further records of that size once the configurable
threshold is passed. Of course, this is not fail-proof, but a
good enough approximation for the proxy, and it allows to use
an inefficient but simple array for the required map.
- The implementation mixes datagram lengths and record lengths:
When deciding whether it is allowed to drop a datagram, it
uses the total datagram size as a lookup index into the map
counting the number of times a package has been dropped. However,
when updating this map, the UDP proxy traverses the datagram
record by record, and updates the mapping at the level of record
lengths.
Apart from this inconsistency, the introduction of the Connection ID
feature leads to yet another problem: The CID length is not part of
the record header but dynamically negotiated during (potentially
encrypted!) handshakes, and it is hence impossible for a passive traffic
analyzer (in this case our UDP proxy) to reliably parse record headers;
especially, it isn't possible to reliably infer the length of a record,
nor to dissect a datagram into records.
The previous implementation of the UDP proxy was not CID-aware and
assumed that the record length would always reside at offsets 11, 12
in the DTLS record header, which would allow it to iterate through
the datagram record by record. As mentioned, this is no longer possible
for CID-based records, and the current implementation can run into
a buffer overflow in this case (because it doesn't validate that
the record length is not larger than what remains in the datagram).
This commit removes the inconsistency in datagram vs. record length
and resolves the buffer overflow issue by not attempting any dissection
of datagrams into records, and instead only counting how often _datagrams_
of a particular size have been dropped.
There is only one practical situation where this makes a difference:
If datagram packing is used by default but disabled on retransmission
(which OpenSSL has been seen to do), it can happen that we drop a
datagram in its initial transmission, then also drop some of its records
when they retransmitted one-by-one afterwards, yet still keeping the
drop-counter at 1 instead of 2. However, even in this situation, we'll
correctly count the number of droppings from that point on and eventually
stop dropping, because the peer will not fall back to using packing
and hence use stable record lengths.
This allows to test PSK-based ciphersuites via ssl_server2 in builds
which have MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_PARSE_C enabled but both MBEDTLS_FS_IO and
MBEDTLS_CERTS_C disabled.
This allows to test PSK-based ciphersuites via ssl_client2 in builds
which have MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_PARSE_C enabled but both MBEDTLS_FS_IO and
MBEDTLS_CERTS_C disabled.
A similar change is applied to the `crt_file` and `key_file` arguments.
This commit adds the command line option 'bad_cid' to the UDP proxy
`./programs/test/udp_proxy`. It takes a non-negative integral value N,
which if not 0 has the effect of duplicating every 1:N CID records
and modifying the CID in the first copy sent.
This is to exercise the stacks documented behaviour on receipt
of unexpected CIDs.
It is important to send the record with the unexpected CID first,
because otherwise the packet would be dropped already during
replay protection (the same holds for the implementation of the
existing 'bad_ad' option).
This commit modifies the CID configuration API mbedtls_ssl_conf_cid_len()
to allow the configuration of the stack's behaviour when receiving an
encrypted DTLS record with unexpected CID.
ApplicationData records are not protected against loss by DTLS
and our test applications ssl_client2 and ssl_server2 don't
implement any retransmission scheme to deal with loss of the
data they exchange. Therefore, the UDP proxy programs/test/udp_proxy
does not drop ApplicationData records.
With the introduction of the Connection ID, encrypted ApplicationData
records cannot be recognized as such by inspecting the record content
type, as the latter is always set to the CID specific content type for
protected records using CIDs, while the actual content type is hidden
in the plaintext.
To keep tests working, this commit adds CID records to the list of
content types which are protected against dropping by the UDP proxy.
Context:
The CID draft does not require that the length of CIDs used for incoming
records must not change in the course of a connection. Since the record
header does not contain a length field for the CID, this means that if
CIDs of varying lengths are used, the CID length must be inferred from
other aspects of the record header (such as the epoch) and/or by means
outside of the protocol, e.g. by coding its length in the CID itself.
Inferring the CID length from the record's epoch is theoretically possible
in DTLS 1.2, but it requires the information about the epoch to be present
even if the epoch is no longer used: That's because one should silently drop
records from old epochs, but not the entire datagrams to which they belong
(there might be entire flights in a single datagram, including a change of
epoch); however, in order to do so, one needs to parse the record's content
length, the position of which is only known once the CID length for the epoch
is known. In conclusion, it puts a significant burden on the implementation
to infer the CID length from the record epoch, which moreover mangles record
processing with the high-level logic of the protocol (determining which epochs
are in use in which flights, when they are changed, etc. -- this would normally
determine when we drop epochs).
Moreover, with DTLS 1.3, CIDs are no longer uniquely associated to epochs,
but every epoch may use a set of CIDs of varying lengths -- in that case,
it's even theoretically impossible to do record header parsing based on
the epoch configuration only.
We must therefore seek a way for standalone record header parsing, which
means that we must either (a) fix the CID lengths for incoming records,
or (b) allow the application-code to configure a callback to implement
an application-specific CID parsing which would somehow infer the length
of the CID from the CID itself.
Supporting multiple lengths for incoming CIDs significantly increases
complexity while, on the other hand, the restriction to a fixed CID length
for incoming CIDs (which the application controls - in contrast to the
lengths of the CIDs used when writing messages to the peer) doesn't
appear to severely limit the usefulness of the CID extension.
Therefore, the initial implementation of the CID feature will require
a fixed length for incoming CIDs, which is what this commit enforces,
in the following way:
In order to avoid a change of API in case support for variable lengths
CIDs shall be added at some point, we keep mbedtls_ssl_set_cid(), which
includes a CID length parameter, but add a new API mbedtls_ssl_conf_cid_len()
which applies to an SSL configuration, and which fixes the CID length that
any call to mbetls_ssl_set_cid() which applies to an SSL context that is bound
to the given SSL configuration must use.
While this creates a slight redundancy of parameters, it allows to
potentially add an API like mbedtls_ssl_conf_cid_len_cb() later which
could allow users to register a callback which dynamically infers the
length of a CID at record header parsing time, without changing the
rest of the API.
