Commit graph

3176 commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Rose Zadik
9ba6b621de Improve cipher documentation
- Rephrase function/parameter/enum/define/error descriptions into full and
  clear sentences.
- Make sure to adhere to the Arm writing guidelines.
- Fix missing/incorrect Doxygen tags.
- Standardize terminology used within the file.

GitHub PR: #1306
2018-01-30 16:22:04 +00:00
Rose Zadik
eecdbea30f Improve CCM documentation
- Rephrase function/parameter/enum/define/error descriptions into full and
  clear sentences.
- Make sure to adhering to the Arm writing guidelines.
- Fix missing/incorrect Doxygen tags.
- Standardize terminology used within the file.
- Fix iv_len values per the standard.

GitHub PR: #1305
2018-01-30 16:22:04 +00:00
Rose Zadik
7f44127c71 Improve AES documentation
- Separate "\file" blocks from copyright, so that Doxygen doesn't repeat
  the copyright information in all the Detailed Descriptions.
- Improve phrasing and clarity of functions, parameters, defines and enums.

GitHub PR: #1292
2018-01-30 16:22:04 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
26342e54f5 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-29 12:49:52 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
3b8fbaab87 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1328' into development 2018-01-29 12:49:46 +00:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
5405962954 Fix alarm(0) failure on mingw32
A new test for mbedtls_timing_alarm(0) was introduced in PR 1136, which also
fixed it on Unix. Apparently test results on MinGW were not checked at that
point, so we missed that this new test was also failing on this platform.
2018-01-29 10:24:50 +01:00
Jaeden Amero
2acbf17b97 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-26 20:57:38 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
751aa510c0 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1303' into development 2018-01-26 20:48:55 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
784de59ccd Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-restricted/pr/410' into development-restricted
- Resolve ChangeLog conflicts
- Update Doxygen warning block in dhm.h to render correctly
- Prefix the exported identifier deprecated_constant_t with mbedtls_
2018-01-26 18:43:04 +00:00
Gilles Peskine
7ecab3df4c Error codes for hardware accelerator failures
Add MBEDTLS_ERR_XXX_HW_ACCEL_FAILED error codes for all cryptography
modules where the software implementation can be replaced by a hardware
implementation.

This does not include the individual message digest modules since they
currently have no way to return error codes.

This does include the higher-level md, cipher and pk modules since
alternative implementations and even algorithms can be plugged in at
runtime.
2018-01-26 17:56:38 +01:00
Jaeden Amero
a03587b848 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-26 12:48:04 +00:00
Dvir Markovich
1b36499062 Improve CTR_DRBG error handling and cleanup
Check AES return values and return error when needed. Propagate the
underlying AES return code.

Perform more memory cleanup.
2018-01-26 11:40:31 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
66954e1c1f Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-25 17:28:31 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
005239e3ed Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1294' into development 2018-01-25 14:47:39 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
65ba60a975 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-25 10:09:03 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
cef0c5a2c8 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1304' into development 2018-01-25 10:07:39 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
3c082ce293 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-24 15:17:15 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
fbeed6e2a5 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1236' into development 2018-01-24 10:43:39 +00:00
Hanno Becker
616d1ca605 Add support for alternative ECJPAKE implementation
This commit allows users to provide alternative implementations of the
ECJPAKE interface through the configuration option MBEDTLS_ECJPAKE_ALT.
When set, the user must add `ecjpake_alt.h` declaring the same
interface as `ecjpake.h`, as well as add some compilation unit which
implements the functionality. This is in line with the preexisting
support for alternative implementations of other modules.
2018-01-24 10:36:22 +00:00
Andres Amaya Garcia
e9124b943d Ensure that mbedtls_pk_parse_key() does not allocate 0 bytes 2018-01-23 20:03:52 +00:00
Andres Amaya Garcia
c9d6226d2c Change formatting of allocation check in x509_crl 2018-01-23 19:37:44 +00:00
Andres Amaya Garcia
cb5123fa86 Ensure memcpy is not called with NULL and 0 args in x509 module 2018-01-23 19:37:44 +00:00
Andres Amaya Garcia
f1ee63562a Style fixes in pem, x509_crl and buf_alloc 2018-01-23 19:37:44 +00:00
Andres AG
9cf1f96a7b Fix corner case uses of memory_buffer_alloc.c
The corner cases fixed include:
    * Allocating a buffer of size 0. With this change, the allocator now
      returns a NULL pointer in this case. Note that changes in pem.c and
      x509_crl.c were required to fix tests that did not work under this
      assumption.
    * Initialising the allocator with less memory than required for headers.
    * Fix header chain checks for uninitialised allocator.
2018-01-23 19:37:44 +00:00
Gilles Peskine
342d928e8d Fix proprocessor directives for MBEDTLS_RIPEMD160_ALT 2018-01-23 18:21:21 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
a381fe84ce Add HW_FAILED error codes for message digest modules
New error codes to report failures from alternative implementations of
MD2, MD4, MD5, RIPEMD160, SHA-1, SHA-256, SHA-512.
2018-01-23 18:16:11 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
41b40e6463 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-restricted/pr/441' into development-restricted 2018-01-23 00:59:51 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
aaaa98cd60 Merge branch 'development-proposed' into development-restricted 2018-01-23 00:59:17 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
ff812804fb Merge branch 'pr_1239' into development-proposed 2018-01-23 00:58:13 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
50346e9f22 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1150' into development-proposed 2018-01-23 00:56:48 +01:00
Ron Eldor
5e9f14d4d9 Set correct minimal versions in default conf
Set `MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_MAJOR_VERSION` and `MBEDTLS_SSL_MIN_MINOR_VERSION`
instead of `MBEDTLS_SSL_MAJOR_VERSION_3` and `MBEDTLS_SSL_MINOR_VERSION_1`
2018-01-22 22:06:44 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
9e4f77c606 New MD API: rename functions from _ext to _ret
The _ext suffix suggests "new arguments", but the new functions have
the same arguments. Use _ret instead, to convey that the difference is
that the new functions return a value.
2018-01-22 11:54:42 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
d91f2a26cb Merge branch 'development' into iotssl-1251-2.7
Conflict resolution:

* ChangeLog: put the new entries in their rightful place.
* library/x509write_crt.c: the change in development was whitespace
  only, so use the one from the iotssl-1251 feature branch.
2018-01-19 11:25:10 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
d40c22ba20 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-17 08:03:33 +01:00
Hanno Becker
87ae197f3e Add explicit uint truncation casts
This commit adds some explicit downcasts from `size_t` to `uint8_t` in
the RSASSA signature encoding function `rsa_rsassa_pkcs1_v15_encode`.
The truncation is safe as it has been checked beforehand that the
respective values are in the range of a `uint8_t`.
2018-01-15 15:27:56 +00:00
Hanno Becker
71b0060af7 Merge branch 'development' into iotssl-247 2018-01-15 11:31:34 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
31f3f0b87b Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-10 13:17:02 +00:00
Hanno Becker
d4d60579e4 Address issues found by coverity
1) `mbedtls_rsa_import_raw` used an uninitialized return
   value when it was called without any input parameters.
   While not sensible, this is allowed and should be a
   succeeding no-op.

2) The MPI test for prime generation missed a return value
   check for a call to `mbedtls_mpi_shift_r`. This is neither
   critical nor new but should be fixed.

3) Both the RSA keygeneration example program and the
   RSA test suites contained code initializing an RSA context
   after a potentially failing call to CTR DRBG initialization,
   leaving the corresponding RSA context free call in the
   cleanup section of the respective function orphaned.
   While this defect existed before, Coverity picked up on
   it again because of newly introduced MPI's that were
   also wrongly initialized only after the call to CTR DRBG
   init. The commit fixes both the old and the new issue
   by moving the initializtion of both the RSA context and
   all MPI's prior to the first potentially failing call.
2018-01-10 07:30:47 +00:00
nirekh01
d569ecfc2c Add some corrections based on code review
-Add the DHM_ALT in an alphabetical order
-Close correctly the 'extern "C" { ...'
2018-01-09 16:43:21 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
f342cb791b Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-09 13:16:37 +00:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
239987fd31 Fix heap-buffer overread in ALPN ext parsing 2018-01-09 13:48:38 +01:00
Jaeden Amero
0bc9e30435 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1060' into development 2018-01-09 12:20:54 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
7de0b8aae7 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1046' into development 2018-01-09 11:31:55 +00:00
Jaeden Amero
35285cca67 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1027' into development 2018-01-09 10:42:03 +00:00
Johannes H
4e5d23fad7 corrected a typo in a comment 2018-01-06 09:46:57 +01:00
Hanno Becker
3a760a1857 Add size check for RSA modulus to mbedtls_rsa_complete
The function `mbedtls_rsa_complete` is supposed to guarantee that
RSA operations will complete without failure. In contrast, it does
not ensure consistency of parameters, which is the task of the
checking functions `rsa_check_pubkey` and `rsa_check_privkey`.

Previously, the maximum allowed size of the RSA modulus was checked
in `mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey`. However, exceeding this size would lead
to failure of some RSA operations, hence this check belongs to
`mbedtls_rsa_complete` rather than `mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey`.
This commit moves it accordingly.
2018-01-05 08:14:49 +00:00
Hanno Becker
895c5ab88e Preserve old behavior by checking public key in RSA parsing function
The function `pk_get_rsapubkey` originally performed some basic
sanity checks (e.g. on the size of public exponent) on the parsed
RSA public key by a call to `mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey`.
This check was dropped because it is not possible to thoroughly
check full parameter sanity (i.e. that (-)^E is a bijection on Z/NZ).

Still, for the sake of not silently changing existing behavior,
this commit puts back the call to `mbedtls_rsa_check_pubkey`.
2018-01-05 08:08:09 +00:00
Hanno Becker
88683b2c6d Correct all.sh and config.h after merge commit
- Adapt the change in all.sh to the new keep-going mode
- Restore alphabetical order of configuration flags for
  alternative implementations in config.h and rebuild
  library/version_features.c
2018-01-04 18:48:32 +00:00
Hanno Becker
8bc74d6f2f Merge branch 'development' into iotssl-1619 2018-01-03 10:24:02 +00:00
Hanno Becker
4952e7a8d6 Add explicit type cast to avoid truncation warning
`mbedtls_rsa_deduce_primes` implicitly casts the result of a call to
`mbedtls_mpi_lsb` to a `uint16_t`. This is safe because of the size
of MPI's used in the library, but still may have compilers complain
about it. This commit makes the cast explicit.
2018-01-03 09:27:40 +00:00
Gilles Peskine
07d1078cdc Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2018-01-02 17:45:08 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
17196cd3be Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/964' into development 2018-01-02 16:24:29 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
197a6d454b Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1097' into development 2018-01-02 16:09:15 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
3fcc045c23 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/866' into development
Conflict resolution: additions in the same places as
upstream-public/pr/865, both adding into lexicographically sorted
lists, resolved by taking the additions in lexicographic order.
2018-01-02 15:55:55 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
7c483b6765 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/865' into development 2018-01-02 15:35:18 +01:00
nirekh01
08ba530bff Remove some extra lines
Remove some extra lines as was requested in code review
2017-12-28 16:21:38 +00:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
eb2a6ab518 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted
* development:
  Timing self test: shorten redundant tests
  Timing self test: increased duration
  Timing self test: increased tolerance
  Timing unit tests: more protection against infinite loops
  Unit test for mbedtls_timing_hardclock
  New timing unit tests
  selftest: allow excluding a subset of the tests
  selftest: allow running a subset of the tests
  selftest: refactor to separate the list of tests from the logic
  Timing self test: print some diagnosis information
  mbedtls_timing_get_timer: don't use uninitialized memory
  timing interface documentation: minor clarifications
  Timing: fix mbedtls_set_alarm(0) on Unix/POSIX
2017-12-26 10:42:50 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
ae3925c774 Merge remote-tracking branch 'public/pr/1136' into development
* public/pr/1136:
  Timing self test: shorten redundant tests
  Timing self test: increased duration
  Timing self test: increased tolerance
  Timing unit tests: more protection against infinite loops
  Unit test for mbedtls_timing_hardclock
  New timing unit tests
  selftest: allow excluding a subset of the tests
  selftest: allow running a subset of the tests
  selftest: refactor to separate the list of tests from the logic
  Timing self test: print some diagnosis information
  mbedtls_timing_get_timer: don't use uninitialized memory
  timing interface documentation: minor clarifications
  Timing: fix mbedtls_set_alarm(0) on Unix/POSIX
2017-12-26 10:42:20 +01:00
nirekh01
49762fa21f Add 'MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT' #DEFINE to library/config.h
Add 'MBEDTLS_DHM_ALT' #DEFINE to library/config.h to support alternate DHM
2017-12-25 06:46:48 +00:00
Reuven Levin
1f35ca9471 Added alternated Diffie-Hellman module.
1. Add modified files dhm.c and dhm.h
2017-12-25 06:42:59 +00:00
Micha Kraus
ba8316f790 fix bug in get_one_and_zeros_padding()
add test case (“0000000082”) which fails with the old implementation.
2017-12-23 23:40:08 +01:00
Hanno Becker
32297e8314 Merge branch 'development' into iotssl-1619 2017-12-22 10:24:32 +00:00
Ron Eldor
621080d7c6 Fix compilation issue weh self test defined
1. Surround the generate keys with
`#if ! defined(MBEDTLS_CMAC_ALT) || defined(MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST)`
to resolve build issue when `MBEDTLS_SELF_TEST` is defined for
alternative CMAC as well
2. Update ChangeLog
2017-12-21 10:57:43 +02:00
Gilles Peskine
ada3ee8b9d Timing self test: shorten redundant tests
We don't need to test multiple delays in a self-test.
Save 5s of busy-wait.
2017-12-20 22:31:17 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
8873bcc4de Timing self test: increased duration
Increase the duration of the self test, otherwise it tends to fail on
a busy machine even with the recently upped tolerance. But run the
loop only once, it's enough for a simple smoke test.
2017-12-20 21:57:48 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
0f59b130a9 Timing self test: increased tolerance
mbedtls_timing_self_test fails annoyingly often when running on a busy
machine such as can be expected of a continous integration system.
Increase the tolerances in the delay test, to reduce the chance of
failures that are only due to missing a deadline on a busy machine.
2017-12-20 21:57:48 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
0827d5c07d Timing self test: print some diagnosis information
Print some not-very-nice-looking but helpful diagnosis information if
the timing selftest fails. Since the failures tend to be due to heavy
system load that's hard to reproduce, this information is necessary to
understand what's going on.
2017-12-20 19:22:30 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
d92f0aa3be mbedtls_timing_get_timer: don't use uninitialized memory
mbedtls_timing_get_timer with reset=1 is called both to initialize a
timer object and to reset an already-initialized object. In an
initial call, the content of the data structure is indeterminate, so
the code should not read from it. This could crash if signed overflows
trap, for example.

As a consequence, on reset, we can't return the previously elapsed
time as was previously done on Windows. Return 0 as was done on Unix.
2017-12-20 18:53:52 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
a0af95f052 Timing: fix mbedtls_set_alarm(0) on Unix/POSIX
The POSIX/Unix implementation of mbedtls_set_alarm did not set the
mbedtls_timing_alarmed flag when called with 0, which was inconsistent
with what the documentation implied and with the Windows behavior.
2017-12-20 18:50:03 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
a268da9478 Fix undefined function in platform.c
The bug was introduced in 79a2e7ef06 and is not present in the default
configuration, which let it go unnoticed so far.
2017-12-20 12:52:49 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
82d607eb9e Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-restricted/pr/433' into development-restricted 2017-12-19 19:20:27 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
4813f15ce5 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted
* development:
  Address PR review comments
  Fix crash when calling `mbedtls_ssl_cache_free` twice
2017-12-19 11:39:35 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
705c52f5ec Merge remote-tracking branch 'public/pr/1145' into development
* public/pr/1145:
  Address PR review comments
  Fix crash when calling `mbedtls_ssl_cache_free` twice
2017-12-19 11:37:36 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
d04c623ed6 Merge remote-tracking branch 'restricted/pr/403' into development-restricted
* restricted/pr/403:
  Correct record header size in case of TLS
  Don't allocate space for DTLS header if DTLS is disabled
  Improve debugging output
  Adapt ChangeLog
  Add run-time check for handshake message size in ssl_write_record
  Add run-time check for record content size in ssl_encrypt_buf
  Add compile-time checks for size of record content and payload
2017-12-19 11:31:20 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
1827368b01 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted
* development:
  Don't split error code description across multiple lines
  Register new error code in error.h
  Move deprecation to separate section in ChangeLog
  Extend scope of ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION error code
  Adapt RSA test suite
  Adapt ChangeLog
  Deprecate usage of RSA primitives with wrong key type
2017-12-19 11:28:36 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
4712119687 Merge remote-tracking branch 'restricted/pr/397' into development
* restricted/pr/397:
  Don't split error code description across multiple lines
  Register new error code in error.h
  Move deprecation to separate section in ChangeLog
  Extend scope of ERR_RSA_UNSUPPORTED_OPERATION error code
  Adapt RSA test suite
  Adapt ChangeLog
  Deprecate usage of RSA primitives with wrong key type
2017-12-19 11:27:22 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
b053efb295 Fix magic constant in previous commit 2017-12-19 10:03:46 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
464147cadc Fix SSLv3 MAC computation
In a previous PR (Fix heap corruption in implementation of truncated HMAC
extension #425) the place where MAC is computed was changed from the end of
the SSL I/O buffer to a local buffer (then (part of) the content of the local
buffer is either copied to the output buffer of compare to the input buffer).

Unfortunately, this change was made only for TLS 1.0 and later, leaving SSL
3.0 in an inconsistent state due to ssl_mac() still writing to the old,
hard-coded location, which, for MAC verification, resulted in later comparing
the end of the input buffer (containing the computed MAC) to the local buffer
(uninitialised), most likely resulting in MAC verification failure, hence no
interop (even with ourselves).

This commit completes the move to using a local buffer by using this strategy
for SSL 3.0 too. Fortunately ssl_mac() was static so it's not a problem to
change its signature.
2017-12-18 18:04:59 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
6774fa6e87 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted
* development:
  Add --no-yotta option to all.sh
  Fix build without MBEDTLS_FS_IO
2017-12-18 11:43:35 +01:00
Manuel Pégourié-Gonnard
535553e7d8 Merge remote-tracking branch 'public/pr/1184' into development
* public/pr/1184:
  Add --no-yotta option to all.sh
  Fix build without MBEDTLS_FS_IO
2017-12-18 11:42:30 +01:00
Hanno Becker
1434a365a6 Don't split error code description across multiple lines 2017-12-13 11:24:49 +00:00
Gilles Peskine
880c6e74a1 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2017-12-04 18:00:26 +00:00
Gilles Peskine
ff01e009e6 Merge branch 'pr_1043' into development 2017-12-01 23:42:17 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
e3783da0b2 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1172' into development 2017-12-01 22:36:21 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
02e28fe0fd Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-restricted/pr/425' into development-restricted 2017-12-01 17:58:12 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
832f349f93 Fix build without MBEDTLS_FS_IO
Fix missing definition of mbedtls_zeroize when MBEDTLS_FS_IO is
disabled in the configuration.

Introduced by e7707228b4
    Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1062' into development
2017-11-30 12:03:27 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
0960f0663e Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2017-11-29 21:07:55 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
0884f4811b Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1141' into development 2017-11-29 20:50:59 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
183de312f9 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/895' into development 2017-11-29 20:49:21 +01:00
Hanno Becker
1df4923eb1 Remove compile-time deprecation warning for TRUNCATED_HMAC_COMPAT 2017-11-29 16:55:56 +00:00
Gilles Peskine
7fb29b17c7 Merge branch 'development' into development-restricted 2017-11-28 18:46:09 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
4daffe236a Merge branch 'pr_1025' into development
Merge PR #1025 + ChangeLog entry
2017-11-28 18:23:53 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
ea8d697fa2 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/1089' into development
Resolve trivial conflict due to additions in the same place in
tests/data_files/Makefile; minor comment/whitespace presentation
improvements.
2017-11-28 17:32:32 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
f2421210a5 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/828' into development 2017-11-28 17:22:37 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
9c3573a962 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-public/pr/988' into development 2017-11-28 17:08:03 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
41e974178f Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-restricted/pr/419' into development-restricted
Resolved simple conflicts caused by the independent addition of
calls to mbedtls_zeroize with sometimes whitespace or comment
differences.
2017-11-28 16:16:27 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
9c8ac0ce2c Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-restricted/pr/404' into development-restricted 2017-11-28 15:50:02 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
7ca6d1fdd4 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-restricted/pr/399' into development-restricted 2017-11-28 14:17:53 +01:00
Gilles Peskine
c753f5daf4 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream-restricted/pr/369' into development-restricted 2017-11-28 14:16:47 +01:00
Hanno Becker
63073aa3d3 Don't require P,Q in rsa_private in case of non-blinded non-CRT
For non-CRT, P and Q are only used for the purpose of blinding the exponent.
2017-11-27 15:33:18 +00:00