diff --git a/ChangeLog.d/psa_crypto_user_config_file.txt b/ChangeLog.d/psa_crypto_user_config_file.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f538f4707
--- /dev/null
+++ b/ChangeLog.d/psa_crypto_user_config_file.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Bugfix
+   * Don't try to include MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_USER_CONFIG_FILE when
+     MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_CONFIG is disabled.
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/build_info.h b/include/mbedtls/build_info.h
index 985edd233..c0424da82 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/build_info.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/build_info.h
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@
 #define inline __inline
 #endif
 
+/* X.509, TLS and non-PSA crypto configuration */
 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_CONFIG_FILE)
 #include "mbedtls/mbedtls_config.h"
 #else
@@ -80,6 +81,18 @@
 #include MBEDTLS_USER_CONFIG_FILE
 #endif
 
+/* PSA crypto configuration */
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_CONFIG)
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_CONFIG_FILE)
+#include MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_CONFIG_FILE
+#else
+#include "psa/crypto_config.h"
+#endif
+#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_USER_CONFIG_FILE)
+#include MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_USER_CONFIG_FILE
+#endif
+#endif /* defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_CONFIG) */
+
 /* Auto-enable MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_USE_128_BIT_KEY if
  * MBEDTLS_AES_ONLY_128_BIT_KEY_LENGTH and MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_C defined
  * to ensure a 128-bit key size in CTR_DRBG.
diff --git a/include/mbedtls/config_psa.h b/include/mbedtls/config_psa.h
index 303758f03..3b30c0277 100644
--- a/include/mbedtls/config_psa.h
+++ b/include/mbedtls/config_psa.h
@@ -30,24 +30,8 @@
 #ifndef MBEDTLS_CONFIG_PSA_H
 #define MBEDTLS_CONFIG_PSA_H
 
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_CONFIG)
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_CONFIG_FILE)
-#include MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_CONFIG_FILE
-#else
-#include "psa/crypto_config.h"
-#endif
-#endif /* defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_CONFIG) */
-
-#if defined(MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_USER_CONFIG_FILE)
-#include MBEDTLS_PSA_CRYPTO_USER_CONFIG_FILE
-#endif
-
 #include "psa/crypto_legacy.h"
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-extern "C" {
-#endif
-
 
 
 /****************************************************************/
@@ -1074,8 +1058,4 @@ extern "C" {
 #define PSA_WANT_KEY_TYPE_PASSWORD_HASH 1
 #define PSA_WANT_KEY_TYPE_RAW_DATA 1
 
-#ifdef __cplusplus
-}
-#endif
-
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_CONFIG_PSA_H */
diff --git a/include/psa/crypto_config.h b/include/psa/crypto_config.h
index af78dce17..d8e8e19d0 100644
--- a/include/psa/crypto_config.h
+++ b/include/psa/crypto_config.h
@@ -92,7 +92,8 @@
 #define PSA_WANT_ALG_TLS12_PSK_TO_MS            1
 #define PSA_WANT_ALG_TLS12_ECJPAKE_TO_PMS       1
 
-/* Note: when adding support, also adjust include/mbedtls/config_psa.h */
+/* XTS is not yet supported via the PSA API in Mbed TLS.
+ * Note: when adding support, also adjust include/mbedtls/config_psa.h */
 //#define PSA_WANT_ALG_XTS                        1
 
 #define PSA_WANT_ECC_BRAINPOOL_P_R1_256         1
diff --git a/programs/test/generate_cpp_dummy_build.sh b/programs/test/generate_cpp_dummy_build.sh
index 94e911515..254168331 100755
--- a/programs/test/generate_cpp_dummy_build.sh
+++ b/programs/test/generate_cpp_dummy_build.sh
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ EOF
     for header in include/mbedtls/*.h include/psa/*.h; do
         case ${header#include/} in
             mbedtls/mbedtls_config.h) :;; # not meant for direct inclusion
+            mbedtls/config_*.h) :;; # not meant for direct inclusion
             psa/crypto_config.h) :;; # not meant for direct inclusion
             # Some of the psa/crypto_*.h headers are not meant to be included
             # directly. They do have include guards that make them no-ops if
diff --git a/tests/include/test/drivers/config_test_driver.h b/tests/include/test/drivers/config_test_driver.h
index 2585fd9f0..81f988339 100644
--- a/tests/include/test/drivers/config_test_driver.h
+++ b/tests/include/test/drivers/config_test_driver.h
@@ -53,7 +53,4 @@
 //#define MBEDTLS_PEM_PARSE_C
 //#define MBEDTLS_BASE64_C
 
-#include "mbedtls/config_psa.h"
-#include "mbedtls/check_config.h"
-
 #endif /* MBEDTLS_CONFIG_H */