73 lines
2.6 KiB
XML
73 lines
2.6 KiB
XML
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="sec-custom-packages">
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<title>Adding Custom Packages</title>
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<para>
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It’s possible that a package you need is not available in NixOS. In that
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case, you can do two things. First, you can clone the Nixpkgs repository, add
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the package to your clone, and (optionally) submit a patch or pull request to
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have it accepted into the main Nixpkgs repository. This is described in
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detail in the <link
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xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nixpkgs/manual">Nixpkgs
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manual</link>. In short, you clone Nixpkgs:
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<screen>
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<prompt>$ </prompt>git clone https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs
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<prompt>$ </prompt>cd nixpkgs
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</screen>
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Then you write and test the package as described in the Nixpkgs manual.
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Finally, you add it to <literal>environment.systemPackages</literal>, e.g.
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages"/> = [ pkgs.my-package ];
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</programlisting>
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and you run <command>nixos-rebuild</command>, specifying your own Nixpkgs
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tree:
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<screen>
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<prompt># </prompt>nixos-rebuild switch -I nixpkgs=/path/to/my/nixpkgs</screen>
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</para>
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<para>
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The second possibility is to add the package outside of the Nixpkgs tree. For
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instance, here is how you specify a build of the
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<link xlink:href="https://www.gnu.org/software/hello/">GNU Hello</link>
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package directly in <filename>configuration.nix</filename>:
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages"/> =
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let
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my-hello = with pkgs; stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
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name = "hello-2.8";
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src = fetchurl {
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url = "mirror://gnu/hello/${name}.tar.gz";
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sha256 = "0wqd8sjmxfskrflaxywc7gqw7sfawrfvdxd9skxawzfgyy0pzdz6";
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};
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};
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in
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[ my-hello ];
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</programlisting>
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Of course, you can also move the definition of <literal>my-hello</literal>
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into a separate Nix expression, e.g.
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<programlisting>
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<xref linkend="opt-environment.systemPackages"/> = [ (import ./my-hello.nix) ];
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</programlisting>
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where <filename>my-hello.nix</filename> contains:
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<programlisting>
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with import <nixpkgs> {}; # bring all of Nixpkgs into scope
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stdenv.mkDerivation rec {
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name = "hello-2.8";
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src = fetchurl {
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url = "mirror://gnu/hello/${name}.tar.gz";
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sha256 = "0wqd8sjmxfskrflaxywc7gqw7sfawrfvdxd9skxawzfgyy0pzdz6";
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};
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}
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</programlisting>
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This allows testing the package easily:
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<screen>
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<prompt>$ </prompt>nix-build my-hello.nix
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<prompt>$ </prompt>./result/bin/hello
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Hello, world!
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</screen>
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</para>
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</section>
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