78 lines
4.1 KiB
XML
78 lines
4.1 KiB
XML
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="sec-luks-file-systems">
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<title>LUKS-Encrypted File Systems</title>
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<para>
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NixOS supports file systems that are encrypted using
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<emphasis>LUKS</emphasis> (Linux Unified Key Setup). For example, here is how
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you create an encrypted Ext4 file system on the device
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<filename>/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d</filename>:
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<screen>
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<prompt># </prompt>cryptsetup luksFormat <replaceable>/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d</replaceable>
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WARNING!
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========
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This will overwrite data on /dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d irrevocably.
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Are you sure? (Type uppercase yes): YES
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Enter LUKS passphrase: ***
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Verify passphrase: ***
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<prompt># </prompt>cryptsetup luksOpen <replaceable>/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d</replaceable> <replaceable>crypted</replaceable>
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Enter passphrase for /dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d: ***
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<prompt># </prompt>mkfs.ext4 /dev/mapper/<replaceable>crypted</replaceable>
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</screen>
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The LUKS volume should be automatically picked up by
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<command>nixos-generate-config</command>, but you might want to verify that your
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<filename>hardware-configuration.nix</filename> looks correct.
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To manually ensure that the system is automatically mounted at boot time as
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<filename>/</filename>, add the following to
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<filename>configuration.nix</filename>:
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<programlisting>
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<link linkend="opt-boot.initrd.luks.devices._name_.device">boot.initrd.luks.devices.crypted.device</link> = "<replaceable>/dev/disk/by-uuid/3f6b0024-3a44-4fde-a43a-767b872abe5d</replaceable>";
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<xref linkend="opt-fileSystems"/>."/".device = "/dev/mapper/<replaceable>crypted</replaceable>";
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</programlisting>
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Should grub be used as bootloader, and <filename>/boot</filename> is located
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on an encrypted partition, it is necessary to add the following grub option:
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<programlisting><xref linkend="opt-boot.loader.grub.enableCryptodisk"/> = true;</programlisting>
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</para>
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<section xml:id="sec-luks-file-systems-fido2">
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<title>FIDO2</title>
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<para>
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NixOS also supports unlocking your LUKS-Encrypted file system using a FIDO2 compatible token. In the following example, we will create a new FIDO2 credential
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and add it as a new key to our existing device <filename>/dev/sda2</filename>:
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<screen>
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<prompt># </prompt>export FIDO2_LABEL="<replaceable>/dev/sda2</replaceable> @ $HOSTNAME"
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<prompt># </prompt>fido2luks credential "$FIDO2_LABEL"
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f1d00200108b9d6e849a8b388da457688e3dd653b4e53770012d8f28e5d3b269865038c346802f36f3da7278b13ad6a3bb6a1452e24ebeeaa24ba40eef559b1b287d2a2f80b7
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<prompt># </prompt>fido2luks -i add-key <replaceable>/dev/sda2</replaceable> <replaceable>f1d00200108b9d6e849a8b388da457688e3dd653b4e53770012d8f28e5d3b269865038c346802f36f3da7278b13ad6a3bb6a1452e24ebeeaa24ba40eef559b1b287d2a2f80b7</replaceable>
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Password:
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Password (again):
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Old password:
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Old password (again):
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Added to key to device /dev/sda2, slot: 2
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</screen>
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To ensure that this file system is decrypted using the FIDO2 compatible key, add the following to <filename>configuration.nix</filename>:
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<programlisting>
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<link linkend="opt-boot.initrd.luks.fido2Support">boot.initrd.luks.fido2Support</link> = true;
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<link linkend="opt-boot.initrd.luks.devices._name_.fido2.credential">boot.initrd.luks.devices."<replaceable>/dev/sda2</replaceable>".fido2.credential</link> = "<replaceable>f1d00200108b9d6e849a8b388da457688e3dd653b4e53770012d8f28e5d3b269865038c346802f36f3da7278b13ad6a3bb6a1452e24ebeeaa24ba40eef559b1b287d2a2f80b7</replaceable>";
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</programlisting>
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You can also use the FIDO2 passwordless setup, but for security reasons, you might want to enable it only when your device is PIN protected, such as <link xlink:href="https://trezor.io/">Trezor</link>.
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<programlisting>
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<link linkend="opt-boot.initrd.luks.devices._name_.fido2.passwordLess">boot.initrd.luks.devices."<replaceable>/dev/sda2</replaceable>".fido2.passwordLess</link> = true;
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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</section>
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</section>
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