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doc: clarify usage of nuget-to-nix in dotnet.section.md

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I believe it would be helpful to better explain how to use
`nuget-to-nix` for those who aren't familar with the .NET ecosystem as I
was personally stumped on how to use it.
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lychee 2024-02-01 16:35:19 -06:00
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doc/languages-frameworks/dotnet.section.md
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@ -93,7 +93,11 @@ The `dotnetCorePackages.sdk` contains both a runtime and the full sdk of a given
To package Dotnet applications, you can use `buildDotnetModule`. This has similar arguments to `stdenv.mkDerivation`, with the following additions:
* `projectFile` is used for specifying the dotnet project file, relative to the source root. These have `.sln` (entire solution) or `.csproj` (single project) file extensions. This can be a list of multiple projects as well. When omitted, will attempt to find and build the solution (`.sln`). If running into problems, make sure to set it to a file (or a list of files) with the `.csproj` extension - building applications as entire solutions is not fully supported by the .NET CLI.
* `nugetDeps` takes either a path to a `deps.nix` file, or a derivation. The `deps.nix` file can be generated using the script attached to `passthru.fetch-deps`. This file can also be generated manually using `nuget-to-nix` tool, which is available in nixpkgs. If the argument is a derivation, it will be used directly and assume it has the same output as `mkNugetDeps`.
* `nugetDeps` takes either a path to a `deps.nix` file, or a derivation. The `deps.nix` file can be generated using the script attached to `passthru.fetch-deps`. If the argument is a derivation, it will be used directly and assume it has the same output as `mkNugetDeps`.
::: {.note}
For more detail about managing the `deps.nix` file, see [Generating and updating NuGet dependencies](#generating-and-updating-nuget-dependencies)
:::
* `packNupkg` is used to pack project as a `nupkg`, and installs it to `$out/share`. If set to `true`, the derivation can be used as a dependency for another dotnet project by adding it to `projectReferences`.
* `projectReferences` can be used to resolve `ProjectReference` project items. Referenced projects can be packed with `buildDotnetModule` by setting the `packNupkg = true` attribute and passing a list of derivations to `projectReferences`. Since we are sharing referenced projects as NuGets they must be added to csproj/fsproj files as `PackageReference` as well.
For example, your project has a local dependency:
@ -156,6 +160,8 @@ in buildDotnetModule rec {
}
```
Keep in mind that you can tag the [`@NixOS/dotnet`](https://github.com/orgs/nixos/teams/dotnet) team for help and code review.
## Dotnet global tools {#dotnet-global-tools}
[.NET Global tools](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/tools/global-tools) are a mechanism provided by the dotnet CLI to install .NET binaries from Nuget packages.
@ -212,5 +218,43 @@ buildDotnetGlobalTool {
};
}
```
## Generating and updating NuGet dependencies {#generating-and-updating-nuget-dependencies}
First, restore the packages to the `out` directory, ensure you have cloned
the upstream repository and you are inside it.
```bash
$ dotnet restore --packages out
Determining projects to restore...
Restored /home/lychee/Celeste64/Celeste64.csproj (in 1.21 sec).
```
Next, use `nuget-to-nix` tool provided in nixpkgs to generate a lockfile to `deps.nix` from
the packages inside the `out` directory.
```bash
$ nuget-to-nix out > deps.nix
```
Which `nuget-to-nix` will generate an output similar to below
```
{ fetchNuGet }: [
(fetchNuGet { pname = "FosterFramework"; version = "0.1.15-alpha"; sha256 = "0pzsdfbsfx28xfqljcwy100xhbs6wyx0z1d5qxgmv3l60di9xkll"; })
(fetchNuGet { pname = "Microsoft.AspNetCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64"; version = "8.0.1"; sha256 = "1gjz379y61ag9whi78qxx09bwkwcznkx2mzypgycibxk61g11da1"; })
(fetchNuGet { pname = "Microsoft.NET.ILLink.Tasks"; version = "8.0.1"; sha256 = "1drbgqdcvbpisjn8mqfgba1pwb6yri80qc4mfvyczqwrcsj5k2ja"; })
(fetchNuGet { pname = "Microsoft.NETCore.App.Runtime.linux-x64"; version = "8.0.1"; sha256 = "1g5b30f4l8a1zjjr3b8pk9mcqxkxqwa86362f84646xaj4iw3a4d"; })
(fetchNuGet { pname = "SharpGLTF.Core"; version = "1.0.0-alpha0031"; sha256 = "0ln78mkhbcxqvwnf944hbgg24vbsva2jpih6q3x82d3h7rl1pkh6"; })
(fetchNuGet { pname = "SharpGLTF.Runtime"; version = "1.0.0-alpha0031"; sha256 = "0lvb3asi3v0n718qf9y367km7qpkb9wci38y880nqvifpzllw0jg"; })
(fetchNuGet { pname = "Sledge.Formats"; version = "1.2.2"; sha256 = "1y0l66m9rym0p1y4ifjlmg3j9lsmhkvbh38frh40rpvf1axn2dyh"; })
(fetchNuGet { pname = "Sledge.Formats.Map"; version = "1.1.5"; sha256 = "1bww60hv9xcyxpvkzz5q3ybafdxxkw6knhv97phvpkw84pd0jil6"; })
(fetchNuGet { pname = "System.Numerics.Vectors"; version = "4.5.0"; sha256 = "1kzrj37yzawf1b19jq0253rcs8hsq1l2q8g69d7ipnhzb0h97m59"; })
]
```
Finally, you move the `deps.nix` file to the appropriate location to be used by `nugetDeps`, then you're all set!
If you ever need to update the dependencies of a package, you instead do
* `nix-build -A package.fetch-deps` to generate the update script for `package`
* Run `./result deps.nix` to regenerate the lockfile to `deps.nix`, keep in mind if a location isn't provided, it will write to a temporary path instead
* Finally, move the file where needed and look at its contents to confirm it has updated the dependencies.
When packaging a new .NET application in nixpkgs, you can tag the [`@NixOS/dotnet`](https://github.com/orgs/nixos/teams/dotnet) team for help and code review.