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nixos/doc/rl-20.09: normalize highlights, reorder entries

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717
nixos/doc/manual/release-notes/rl-2009.xml
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@ -3,8 +3,11 @@
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
version="5.0"
xml:id="sec-release-20.09">
<title>Release 20.09 (“Nightingale”, 2020.09/??)</title>
<title>Release 20.09 (“Nightingale”, 2020.10/26)</title>
<para>
Support is planned until the end of April 2021, handing over to 21.03.
</para>
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
@ -13,88 +16,606 @@
<title>Highlights</title>
<para>
In addition to numerous new and upgraded packages, this release has the
In addition to 7349 new, 14442 updated, and 8181 removed packages, this release has the
following highlights:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Support is planned until the end of April 2021, handing over to 21.03.
Core version changes:
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>GNOME desktop environment was upgraded to 3.36, see its <link xlink:href="https://help.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/3.36/">release notes</link>.</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The Cinnamon desktop environment (v4.6) has been added. <varname>services.xserver.desktopManager.cinnamon.enable = true;</varname> to try it out!
Remember that, with any new feature it's possible you could run into issues, so please send all support requests to <link xlink:href="https://github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs/issues">github.com/NixOS/nixpkgs</link> to notify the maintainers.
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
gcc: 9.2.0 -> 9.3.0
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
glibc: 2.30 -> 2.31
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
linux: still defaults to 5.4.x, all supported kernels available
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
mesa: 19.3.5 -> 20.1.7
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Quickly configure a complete, private, self-hosted video
conferencing solution with the new Jitsi Meet module.
Desktop Enironments:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
plasma5: 5.17.5 -> 5.18.5
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
kdeApplications: 19.12.3 -> 20.08.1
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
gnome3: 3.34 -> 3.36, see its <link xlink:href="https://help.gnome.org/misc/release-notes/3.36/">release notes</link>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
cinnamon: added at 4.6
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
NixOS now distributes an official <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/download.html#nixos-iso">GNOME ISO</link>.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Programming Languages and Frameworks:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Agda ecosystem was heavily reworked (see more details below).
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
PHP now defaults to PHP 7.4, updated from 7.3.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
PHP 7.2 is no longer supported due to upstream not supporting this version for the entire lifecycle of the 20.09 release.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Python 3 now defaults to Python 3.8 instead of 3.7.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Python 3.5 has reached its upstream EOL at the end of September 2020: it
has been removed from the list of available packages.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Databases and Service Monitoring:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
MariaDB has been updated to 10.4, MariaDB Galera to 26.4. Please read the related upgrade instructions under <link linkend="sec-release-20.09-incompatibilities">backwards incompatibilities</link> before upgrading.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Zabbix now defaults to 5.0, updated from 4.4. Please read related sections under <link linkend="sec-release-20.09-incompatibilities">backwards compatibilities</link> before upgrading.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Major module changes:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Quickly configure a complete, private, self-hosted video
conferencing solution with the new Jitsi Meet module.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Two new options, <link linkend="opt-services.openssh.authorizedKeysCommand">authorizedKeysCommand</link>
and <link linkend="opt-services.openssh.authorizedKeysCommandUser">authorizedKeysCommandUser</link>, have
been added to the <literal>openssh</literal> module. If you have <literal>AuthorizedKeysCommand</literal>
in your <link linkend="opt-services.openssh.extraConfig">services.openssh.extraConfig</link> you should
make use of these new options instead.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
There is a new module for Podman(<varname>virtualisation.podman</varname>), a drop-in replacement for the Docker command line.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The new <varname>virtualisation.containers</varname> module manages configuration shared by the CRI-O and Podman modules.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Declarative Docker containers are renamed from <varname>docker-containers</varname> to <varname>virtualisation.oci-containers.containers</varname>.
This is to make it possible to use <literal>podman</literal> instead of <literal>docker</literal>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The new option <link linkend="opt-documentation.man.generateCaches">documentation.man.generateCaches</link>
has been added to automatically generate the <literal>man-db</literal> caches, which are needed by utilities
like <command>whatis</command> and <command>apropos</command>. The caches are generated during the build of
the NixOS configuration: since this can be expensive when a large number of packages are installed, the
feature is disabled by default.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<varname>services.postfix.sslCACert</varname> was replaced by <varname>services.postfix.tlsTrustedAuthorities</varname> which now defaults to system certificate authorities.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The various documented workarounds to use steam have been converted to a module. <varname>programs.steam.enable</varname> enables steam, controller support and the workarounds.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Support for built-in LCDs in various pieces of Logitech hardware (keyboards and USB speakers). <varname>hardware.logitech.lcd.enable</varname> enables support for all hardware supported by the g15daemon project.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The GRUB module gained support for basic password protection, which
allows to restrict non-default entries in the boot menu to one or more
users. The users and passwords are defined via the option
<option>boot.loader.grub.users</option>.
Note: Password support is only avaiable in GRUB version 2.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
NixOS module changes:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
The NixOS module system now supports freeform modules as a mix between <literal>types.attrsOf</literal> and <literal>types.submodule</literal>. These allow you to explicitly declare a subset of options while still permitting definitions without an associated option. See <xref linkend='sec-freeform-modules'/> for how to use them.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Following its deprecation in 20.03, the Perl NixOS test driver has been removed.
All remaining tests have been ported to the Python test framework.
Code outside nixpkgs using <filename>make-test.nix</filename> or
<filename>testing.nix</filename> needs to be ported to
<filename>make-test-python.nix</filename> and
<filename>testing-python.nix</filename> respectively.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Subordinate GID and UID mappings are now set up automatically for all normal users.
This will make container tools like Podman work as non-root users out of the box.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
version="5.0"
xml:id="sec-release-20.09-new-services">
<title>New Services</title>
<para>
In addition to 1119 new, 118 updated, and 476 removed options; 61 new modules were added since the last release:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Hardware:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-hardware.system76.firmware-daemon.enable" /> adds easy support of system76 firmware.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-hardware.uinput.enable" /> loads uinput kernel module.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-hardware.video.hidpi.enable" /> enable good defaults for HiDPI displays.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-hardware.wooting.enable" /> support for Wooting keyboards.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-hardware.xpadneo.enable" /> xpadneo driver for Xbox One wireless controllers.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<package>maxx</package> package removed along with <varname>services.xserver.desktopManager.maxx</varname> module.
Please migrate to <package>cdesktopenv</package> and <varname>services.xserver.desktopManager.cde</varname> module.
Programs:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-programs.hamster.enable" /> enable hamster time tracking.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-programs.steam.enable" /> adds easy enablement of steam and related system configuration.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
We now distribute a GNOME ISO.
Security:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-security.doas.enable" /> alternative to sudo, allows non-root users to execute commands as root.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-security.tpm2.enable" /> add Trusted Platform Module 2 support.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
PHP now defaults to PHP 7.4, updated from 7.3.
System:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-boot.initrd.network.openvpn.enable" /> Start an OpenVPN client during initrd boot.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
PHP 7.2 is no longer supported due to upstream not supporting this version for the entire lifecycle of the 20.09 release.
Virtualization:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-boot.enableContainers" /> Use nixos-containers.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-virtualisation.oci-containers.containers" /> Run OCI (Docker) containers.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-virtualisation.podman.enable" /> Daemonless container engine.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Python 3 now defaults to Python 3.8 instead of 3.7.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Python 3.5 has reached its upstream EOL at the end of September 2020: it
has been removed from the list of available packages.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Two new options, <link linkend="opt-services.openssh.authorizedKeysCommand">authorizedKeysCommand</link>
and <link linkend="opt-services.openssh.authorizedKeysCommandUser">authorizedKeysCommandUser</link>, have
been added to the <literal>openssh</literal> module. If you have <literal>AuthorizedKeysCommand</literal>
in your <link linkend="opt-services.openssh.extraConfig">services.openssh.extraConfig</link> you should
make use of these new options instead.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
There is a new module for Podman(<varname>virtualisation.podman</varname>), a drop-in replacement for the Docker command line.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The new <varname>virtualisation.containers</varname> module manages configuration shared by the CRI-O and Podman modules.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Declarative Docker containers are renamed from <varname>docker-containers</varname> to <varname>virtualisation.oci-containers.containers</varname>.
This is to make it possible to use <literal>podman</literal> instead of <literal>docker</literal>.
Services:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.ankisyncd.enable" /> Anki sync server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.bazarr.enable" /> subtitle manager for Sonarr and Radarr.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.biboumi.enable" /> Biboumi XMPP gateway to IRC.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.blockbook-frontend" /> Blockbook-frontend, a service for the Trezor wallet.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.cage.enable" /> Wayland cage service.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.convos.enable" /> IRC daemon, which can be accessed throught the browser.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.engelsystem.enable" /> Tool for coordinating helpers and shifts on large events.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.espanso.enable" /> text-expander written in rust.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.foldingathome.enable" /> Folding@home client.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.foldingathome.enable" /> Folding@home client.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.gerrit.enable" /> Web-based team code collaboration tool.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.go-neb.enable" /> Matrix bot.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.hardware.xow.enable" /> xow as a systemd service.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.hercules-ci-agent.enable" /> Hercules CI build agent.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.jicofo.enable" /> Jitsi Conference Focus, component of Jitsi Meet.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.jirafeau.enable" /> a web file repository.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.jitsi-meet.enable" /> secure, simple and scalable video conferences.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.jitsi-videobridge.enable" /> Jitsi Videobridge, a WebRTC compatible router.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.jupyterhub.enable" /> Jupyterhub development server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.k3s.enable" /> lightweight kubernetes distribution.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.magic-wormhole-mailbox-server.enable" /> Magic Wormhole Mailbox Server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.malcontent.enable" /> parental control support.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.matrix-appservice-discord.enable" /> Matrix and Discord bridge.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.mautrix-telegram.enable" /> Matrix-Telegram puppeting/relaybot bridge.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.mirakurun.enable" /> Japanese DTV Tuner Server Service.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.molly-brown.enable" /> Molly-Brown Gemini server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.mullvad-vpn.enable" /> Mullvad VPN daemon.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.ncdns.enable" /> Namecoin to DNS bridge.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.nextdns.enable" /> NextDNS to DoH Proxy service.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.nix-store-gcs-proxy" /> Enable a Google storage bucket to be used as a nix store.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.onedrive.enable" /> OneDrive sync service.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.pinnwand.enable" /> Pastebin-like service.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.pixiecore.enable" /> manage network booting of machines.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.privacyidea.enable" /> Privacy authentication server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.quorum.enable" /> Quorum blockchain daemon.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.robustirc-bridge.enable" /> RobustIRC bridge.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.rss-bridge.enable" /> generate RSS and Atom feeds.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.rtorrent.enable" /> rTorrent service.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.smartdns.enable" /> SmartDNS DNS server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.sogo.enable" /> SOGo groupware.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.teeworlds.enable" /> Teeworlds game server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.torque.mom.enable" /> torque computing node.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.torque.server.enable" /> enable torque server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.tuptime.enable" /> a total uptime service.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.urserver.enable" /> X11 remote server.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.wasabibackend.enable" /> Wasabi backend service.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.yubikey-agent.enable" /> Yubikey agent.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<xref linkend="opt-services.zigbee2mqtt.enable" /> Zigbee to MQTT bridge.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
version="5.0"
xml:id="sec-release-20.09-incompatibilities">
<title>Backward Incompatibilities</title>
<para>
When upgrading from a previous release, please be aware of the following
incompatible changes:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
MariaDB has been updated to 10.4, MariaDB Galera to 26.4.
@ -144,36 +665,7 @@ GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mysql'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
from the default of <literal>mysql</literal> to a different user please change <literal>'mysql'@'localhost'</literal> to the corresponding user instead.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The new option <link linkend="opt-documentation.man.generateCaches">documentation.man.generateCaches</link>
has been added to automatically generate the <literal>man-db</literal> caches, which are needed by utilities
like <command>whatis</command> and <command>apropos</command>. The caches are generated during the build of
the NixOS configuration: since this can be expensive when a large number of packages are installed, the
feature is disabled by default.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<varname>services.postfix.sslCACert</varname> was replaced by <varname>services.postfix.tlsTrustedAuthorities</varname> which now defaults to system certificate authorities.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Subordinate GID and UID mappings are now set up automatically for all normal users.
This will make container tools like Podman work as non-root users out of the box.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The various documented workarounds to use steam have been converted to a module. <varname>programs.steam.enable</varname> enables steam, controller support and the workarounds.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Support for built-in LCDs in various pieces of Logitech hardware (keyboards and USB speakers). <varname>hardware.logitech.lcd.enable</varname> enables support for all hardware supported by the g15daemon project.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Zabbix now defaults to 5.0, updated from 4.4. Please carefully read through
@ -208,72 +700,13 @@ GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'mysql'@'localhost' WITH GRANT OPTION;
</programlisting>
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The NixOS module system now supports freeform modules as a mix between <literal>types.attrsOf</literal> and <literal>types.submodule</literal>. These allow you to explicitly declare a subset of options while still permitting definitions without an associated option. See <xref linkend='sec-freeform-modules'/> for how to use them.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
The GRUB module gained support for basic password protection, which
allows to restrict non-default entries in the boot menu to one or more
users. The users and passwords are defined via the option
<option>boot.loader.grub.users</option>.
Note: Password support is only avaiable in GRUB version 2.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Following its deprecation in 20.03, the Perl NixOS test driver has been removed.
All remaining tests have been ported to the Python test framework.
Code outside nixpkgs using <filename>make-test.nix</filename> or
<filename>testing.nix</filename> needs to be ported to
<filename>make-test-python.nix</filename> and
<filename>testing-python.nix</filename> respectively.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
version="5.0"
xml:id="sec-release-20.09-new-services">
<title>New Services</title>
<para>
The following new services were added since the last release:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
There is a new <xref linkend="opt-security.doas.enable"/> module that provides <command>doas</command>, a lighter alternative to <command>sudo</command> with many of the same features.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<link xlink:href="https://hercules-ci.com">Hercules CI</link> Agent is a specialized build agent for projects built with Nix. See the <link xlink:href="https://nixos.org/nixos/options.html#services.hercules-ci-agent">options</link> and <link xlink:href="https://docs.hercules-ci.com/hercules-ci/getting-started/#deploy-agent">setup</link>.
<package>maxx</package> package removed along with <varname>services.xserver.desktopManager.maxx</varname> module.
Please migrate to <package>cdesktopenv</package> and <varname>services.xserver.desktopManager.cde</varname> module.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</section>
<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
version="5.0"
xml:id="sec-release-20.09-incompatibilities">
<title>Backward Incompatibilities</title>
<para>
When upgrading from a previous release, please be aware of the following
incompatible changes:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
The <link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.enable">matrix-synapse</link> module no longer includes optional dependencies by default, they have to be added through the <link linkend="opt-services.matrix-synapse.plugins">plugins</link> option.