nixos: add foundationdb module, documentation
Signed-off-by: Austin Seipp <aseipp@pobox.com>
This commit is contained in:
Austin Seipp
parent
617db2df96
commit
18f28a6413
3 changed files with 640 additions and 0 deletions
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@ -195,6 +195,7 @@
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./services/databases/clickhouse.nix
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./services/databases/couchdb.nix
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./services/databases/firebird.nix
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./services/databases/foundationdb.nix
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./services/databases/hbase.nix
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./services/databases/influxdb.nix
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./services/databases/memcached.nix
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360
nixos/modules/services/databases/foundationdb.nix
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360
nixos/modules/services/databases/foundationdb.nix
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@ -0,0 +1,360 @@
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{ config, lib, pkgs, ... }:
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with lib;
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let
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cfg = config.services.foundationdb;
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# used for initial cluster configuration
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initialIpAddr = if (cfg.publicAddress != "auto") then cfg.publicAddress else "127.0.0.1";
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fdbServers = n:
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concatStringsSep "\n" (map (x: "[fdbserver.${toString (x+cfg.listenPortStart)}]") (range 0 (n - 1)));
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backupAgents = n:
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concatStringsSep "\n" (map (x: "[backup_agent.${toString x}]") (range 1 n));
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configFile = pkgs.writeText "foundationdb.conf" ''
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[general]
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cluster_file = /etc/foundationdb/fdb.cluster
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[fdbmonitor]
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restart_delay = ${toString cfg.restartDelay}
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user = ${cfg.user}
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group = ${cfg.group}
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[fdbserver]
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command = ${pkgs.foundationdb}/bin/fdbserver
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public_address = ${cfg.publicAddress}:$ID
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listen_address = ${cfg.listenAddress}
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datadir = ${cfg.dataDir}/$ID
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logdir = ${cfg.logDir}
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logsize = ${cfg.logSize}
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maxlogssize = ${cfg.maxLogSize}
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${optionalString (cfg.class != null) "class = ${cfg.class}"}
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memory = ${cfg.memory}
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storage_memory = ${cfg.storageMemory}
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${optionalString (cfg.locality.machineId != null) "locality_machineid=${cfg.locality.machineId}"}
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${optionalString (cfg.locality.zoneId != null) "locality_zoneid=${cfg.locality.zoneId}"}
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${optionalString (cfg.locality.datacenterId != null) "locality_dcid=${cfg.locality.datacenterId}"}
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${optionalString (cfg.locality.dataHall != null) "locality_data_hall=${cfg.locality.dataHall}"}
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${fdbServers cfg.serverProcesses}
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[backup_agent]
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command = ${pkgs.foundationdb}/libexec/backup_agent
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${backupAgents cfg.backupProcesses}
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'';
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in
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{
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options.services.foundationdb = {
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enable = mkEnableOption "FoundationDB Server";
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publicAddress = mkOption {
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type = types.str;
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default = "auto";
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description = "Publicly visible IP address of the process. Port is determined by process ID";
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};
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listenAddress = mkOption {
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type = types.str;
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default = "public";
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description = "Publicly visible IP address of the process. Port is determined by process ID";
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};
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listenPortStart = mkOption {
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type = types.int;
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default = 4500;
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description = ''
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Starting port number for database listening sockets. Every FDB process binds to a
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subsequent port, to this number reflects the start of the overall range. e.g. having
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8 server processes will use all ports between 4500 and 4507.
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'';
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};
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openFirewall = mkOption {
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type = types.bool;
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default = false;
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description = ''
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Open the firewall ports corresponding to FoundationDB processes and coordinators
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using <option>config.networking.firewall.*</option>.
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'';
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};
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dataDir = mkOption {
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type = types.path;
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default = "/var/lib/foundationdb";
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description = "Data directory. All cluster data will be put under here.";
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};
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logDir = mkOption {
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type = types.path;
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default = "/var/log/foundationdb";
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description = "Log directory.";
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};
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user = mkOption {
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type = types.str;
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default = "foundationdb";
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description = "User account under which FoundationDB runs.";
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};
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group = mkOption {
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type = types.str;
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default = "foundationdb";
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description = "Group account under which FoundationDB runs.";
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};
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class = mkOption {
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type = types.nullOr (types.enum [ "storage" "transaction" "stateless" ]);
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default = null;
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description = "Process class";
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};
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restartDelay = mkOption {
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type = types.int;
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default = 10;
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description = "Number of seconds to wait before restarting servers.";
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};
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logSize = mkOption {
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type = types.string;
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default = "10MiB";
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description = ''
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Roll over to a new log file after the current log file
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reaches the specified size.
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'';
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};
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maxLogSize = mkOption {
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type = types.string;
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default = "100MiB";
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description = ''
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Delete the oldest log file when the total size of all log
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files exceeds the specified size. If set to 0, old log files
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will not be deleted.
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'';
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};
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serverProcesses = mkOption {
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type = types.int;
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default = 1;
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description = "Number of fdbserver processes to run.";
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};
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backupProcesses = mkOption {
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type = types.int;
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default = 1;
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description = "Number of backup_agent processes to run for snapshots.";
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};
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memory = mkOption {
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type = types.string;
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default = "8GiB";
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description = ''
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Maximum memory used by the process. The default value is
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<literal>8GiB</literal>. When specified without a unit,
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<literal>MiB</literal> is assumed. This parameter does not
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change the memory allocation of the program. Rather, it sets
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a hard limit beyond which the process will kill itself and
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be restarted. The default value of <literal>8GiB</literal>
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is double the intended memory usage in the default
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configuration (providing an emergency buffer to deal with
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memory leaks or similar problems). It is not recommended to
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decrease the value of this parameter below its default
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value. It may be increased if you wish to allocate a very
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large amount of storage engine memory or cache. In
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particular, when the <literal>storageMemory</literal>
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parameter is increased, the <literal>memory</literal>
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parameter should be increased by an equal amount.
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'';
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};
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storageMemory = mkOption {
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type = types.string;
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default = "1GiB";
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description = ''
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Maximum memory used for data storage. The default value is
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<literal>1GiB</literal>. When specified without a unit,
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<literal>MB</literal> is assumed. Clusters using the memory
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storage engine will be restricted to using this amount of
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memory per process for purposes of data storage. Memory
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overhead associated with storing the data is counted against
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this total. If you increase the
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<literal>storageMemory</literal>, you should also increase
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the <literal>memory</literal> parameter by the same amount.
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'';
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};
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locality = mkOption {
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default = {
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machineId = null;
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zoneId = null;
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datacenterId = null;
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dataHall = null;
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};
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description = ''
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FoundationDB locality settings.
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'';
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type = types.submodule ({
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options = {
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machineId = mkOption {
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default = null;
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type = types.nullOr types.str;
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description = ''
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Machine identifier key. All processes on a machine should share a
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unique id. By default, processes on a machine determine a unique id to share.
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This does not generally need to be set.
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'';
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};
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zoneId = mkOption {
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default = null;
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type = types.nullOr types.str;
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description = ''
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Zone identifier key. Processes that share a zone id are
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considered non-unique for the purposes of data replication.
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If unset, defaults to machine id.
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'';
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};
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datacenterId = mkOption {
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default = null;
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type = types.nullOr types.str;
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description = ''
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Data center identifier key. All processes physically located in a
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data center should share the id. If you are depending on data
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center based replication this must be set on all processes.
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'';
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};
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dataHall = mkOption {
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default = null;
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type = types.nullOr types.str;
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description = ''
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Data hall identifier key. All processes physically located in a
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data hall should share the id. If you are depending on data
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hall based replication this must be set on all processes.
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'';
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};
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};
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});
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};
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extraReadWritePaths = mkOption {
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default = [ ];
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type = types.listOf types.path;
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description = ''
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An extra set of filesystem paths that FoundationDB can read to
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and write from. By default, FoundationDB runs under a heavily
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namespaced systemd environment without write access to most of
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the filesystem outside of its data and log directories. By
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adding paths to this list, the set of writeable paths will be
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expanded. This is useful for allowing e.g. backups to local files,
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which must be performed on behalf of the foundationdb service.
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'';
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};
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pidfile = mkOption {
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type = types.path;
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default = "/run/foundationdb.pid";
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description = "Path to pidfile for fdbmonitor.";
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};
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};
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config = mkIf cfg.enable {
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meta.doc = ./foundationdb.xml;
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meta.maintainers = with lib.maintainers; [ thoughtpolice ];
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environment.systemPackages = [ pkgs.foundationdb ];
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users.extraUsers = optionalAttrs (cfg.user == "foundationdb") (singleton
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{ name = "foundationdb";
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description = "FoundationDB User";
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uid = config.ids.uids.foundationdb;
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group = cfg.group;
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});
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users.extraGroups = optionalAttrs (cfg.group == "foundationdb") (singleton
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{ name = "foundationdb";
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gid = config.ids.gids.foundationdb;
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});
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networking.firewall.allowedTCPPortRanges = mkIf cfg.openFirewall
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[ { from = cfg.listenPortStart;
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to = (cfg.listenPortStart + cfg.serverProcesses) - 1;
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}
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];
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systemd.services.foundationdb = {
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description = "FoundationDB Service";
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after = [ "network.target" ];
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wantedBy = [ "multi-user.target" ];
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unitConfig =
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{ RequiresMountsFor = "${cfg.dataDir} ${cfg.logDir}";
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};
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serviceConfig =
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let rwpaths = [ cfg.dataDir cfg.logDir cfg.pidfile "/etc/foundationdb" ]
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++ cfg.extraReadWritePaths;
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in
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{ Type = "simple";
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Restart = "always";
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RestartSec = 5;
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User = cfg.user;
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Group = cfg.group;
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PIDFile = "${cfg.pidfile}";
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PermissionsStartOnly = true; # setup needs root perms
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TimeoutSec = 120; # give reasonable time to shut down
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# Security options
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NoNewPrivileges = true;
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ProtectHome = true;
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ProtectSystem = "strict";
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ProtectKernelTunables = true;
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ProtectControlGroups = true;
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PrivateTmp = true;
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PrivateDevices = true;
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ReadWritePaths = lib.concatStringsSep " " (map (x: "-" + x) rwpaths);
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};
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path = [ pkgs.foundationdb pkgs.coreutils ];
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preStart = ''
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rm -f ${cfg.pidfile} && \
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touch ${cfg.pidfile} && \
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chown -R ${cfg.user}:${cfg.group} ${cfg.pidfile}
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for x in "${cfg.logDir}" "${cfg.dataDir}" /etc/foundationdb; do
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[ ! -d "$x" ] && mkdir -m 0700 -vp "$x" && chown -R ${cfg.user}:${cfg.group} "$x";
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done
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if [ ! -f /etc/foundationdb/fdb.cluster ]; then
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cf=/etc/foundationdb/fdb.cluster
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desc=$(tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 </dev/urandom 2>/dev/null | head -c8)
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rand=$(tr -dc A-Za-z0-9 </dev/urandom 2>/dev/null | head -c8)
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echo ''${desc}:''${rand}@${initialIpAddr}:${builtins.toString cfg.listenPortStart} > $cf
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chmod 0660 $cf && chown -R ${cfg.user}:${cfg.group} $cf
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touch "${cfg.dataDir}/.first_startup"
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fi
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'';
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script = ''
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exec fdbmonitor --lockfile ${cfg.pidfile} --conffile ${configFile};
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'';
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postStart = ''
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if [ -e "${cfg.dataDir}/.first_startup" ]; then
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fdbcli --exec "configure new single ssd"
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rm -f "${cfg.dataDir}/.first_startup";
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fi
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'';
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};
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};
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}
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279
nixos/modules/services/databases/foundationdb.xml
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279
nixos/modules/services/databases/foundationdb.xml
Normal file
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<chapter xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="module-foundationdb">
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<title>FoundationDB</title>
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<para><emphasis>Source:</emphasis> <filename>modules/services/databases/foundationdb.nix</filename></para>
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<para><emphasis>Upstream documentation:</emphasis> <link xlink:href="https://apple.github.io/foundationdb/"/></para>
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<para><emphasis>Maintainer:</emphasis> Austin Seipp</para>
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<para><emphasis>Default version:</emphasis> 5.1.x</para>
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<para>FoundationDB (or "FDB") is a distributed, open source, high performance,
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transactional key-value store. It can store petabytes of data and deliver
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exceptional performance while maintaining consistency and ACID semantics over a
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large cluster.</para>
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<section><title>Configuring and basic setup</title>
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<para>To enable FoundationDB, add the following to your
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<filename>configuration.nix</filename>:
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<programlisting>
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services.foundationdb.enable = true;
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>After running <command>nixos-rebuild</command>, you can verify whether
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FoundationDB is running by executing <command>fdbcli</command> (which is added
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to <option>environment.systemPackages</option>):
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<programlisting>
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$ sudo -u foundationdb fdbcli
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Using cluster file `/etc/foundationdb/fdb.cluster'.
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The database is available.
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Welcome to the fdbcli. For help, type `help'.
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fdb> status
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Using cluster file `/etc/foundationdb/fdb.cluster'.
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Configuration:
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Redundancy mode - single
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Storage engine - memory
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Coordinators - 1
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Cluster:
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FoundationDB processes - 1
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Machines - 1
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Memory availability - 5.4 GB per process on machine with least available
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Fault Tolerance - 0 machines
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Server time - 04/20/18 15:21:14
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...
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fdb>
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>FoundationDB is run under the <command>foundationdb</command> user and
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group by default, but this may be changed in the NixOS configuration. The
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systemd unit <command>foundationdb.service</command> controls the
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<command>fdbmonitor</command> process.</para>
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<para>By default, the NixOS module for FoundationDB creates a single
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SSD-storage based database for development and basic usage. This storage engine
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is designed for SSDs and will perform poorly on HDDs; however it can handle far
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more data than the alternative "memory" engine and is a better default choice
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for most deployments. (Note that you can change the storage backend on-the-fly
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for a given FoundationDB cluster using <command>fdbcli</command>.)</para>
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<para>Furthermore, only 1 server process and 1 backup agent are started in the
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default configuration. See below for more on scaling to increase this.</para>
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<para>FoundationDB stores all data for all server processes under
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<filename>/var/lib/foundationdb</filename>. You can override this using
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<option>services.foundationdb.dataDir</option>, e.g.
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<programlisting>
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services.foundationdb.dataDir = "/data/fdb";
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</programlisting>
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</para>
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<para>Similarly, logs are stored under
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<filename>/var/log/foundationdb</filename> by default, and there is a
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corresponding <option>services.foundationdb.logDir</option> as well.</para>
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</section>
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<section><title>Scaling processes and backup agents</title>
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<para>Scaling the number of server processes is quite easy; simply specify
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<option>services.foundationdb.serverProcesses</option> to be the number of
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FoundationDB worker processes that should be started on the machine.</para>
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<para>FoundationDB worker processes typically require 4GB of RAM per-process at
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minimum for good performance, so this option is set to 1 by default since the
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maximum aount of RAM is unknown. You're advised to abide by this restriction,
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so pick a number of processes so that each has 4GB or more.</para>
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<para>A similar option exists in order to scale backup agent processes,
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<option>services.foundationdb.backupProcesses</option>. Backup agents are not
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as performance/RAM sensitive, so feel free to experiment with the number of
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available backup processes.</para>
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</section>
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<section><title>Clustering</title>
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<para>FoundationDB on NixOS works similarly to other Linux systems, so this
|
||||
section will be brief. Please refer to the full FoundationDB documentation for
|
||||
more on clustering.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>FoundationDB organizes clusters using a set of
|
||||
<emphasis>coordinators</emphasis>, which are just specially-designated worker
|
||||
processes. By default, every installation of FoundationDB on NixOS will start
|
||||
as its own individual cluster, with a single coordinator: the first worker
|
||||
process on <command>localhost</command>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Coordinators are specified globally using the
|
||||
<command>/etc/foundationdb/fdb.cluster</command> file, which all servers and
|
||||
client applications will use to find and join coordinators. Note that this file
|
||||
<emphasis>can not</emphasis> be managed by NixOS so easily: FoundationDB is
|
||||
designed so that it will rewrite the file at runtime for all clients and nodes
|
||||
when cluster coordinators change, with clients transparently handling this
|
||||
without intervention.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>When dealing with a cluster, there are two main things you want to
|
||||
do:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Add a node to the cluster for storage/compute.</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Promote an ordinary worker to a coordinator.</para></listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>A node must already be a member of the cluster in order to properly be
|
||||
promoted to a coordinator, so you must always add it first if you wish to
|
||||
promote it.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>To add a machine to a FoundationDB cluster:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Choose one of the servers to start as the initial coordinator.
|
||||
</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Copy the <command>/etc/foundationdb/fdb.cluster</command> file
|
||||
from this server to all the other servers. Restart FoundationDB on all of
|
||||
these other servers, so they join the cluster.</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>All of these servers are now connected and working together
|
||||
in the cluster, under the chosen coordinator.</para></listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>At this point, you can add as many nodes as you want by just repeating
|
||||
the above steps. By default there will still be a single coordinator: you can
|
||||
use <command>fdbcli</command> to change this and add new coordinators.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>As a convenience, FoundationDB can automatically assign coordinators
|
||||
based on the redundancy mode you wish to achieve for the cluster. Once all the
|
||||
nodes have been joined, simply set the replication policy, and then issue the
|
||||
<command>coordinators auto</command> command</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For example, assuming we have 3 nodes available, we can enable double
|
||||
redundancy mode, then auto-select coordinators. For double redundancy, 3
|
||||
coordinators is ideal: therefore FoundationDB will make
|
||||
<emphasis>every</emphasis> node a coordinator automatically:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>
|
||||
fdbcli> configure double ssd
|
||||
fdbcli> coordinators auto
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>This will transparently update all the servers within seconds, and
|
||||
appropriately rewrite the <command>fdb.cluster</command> file, as well as
|
||||
informing all client processes to do the same.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Client connectivity</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>By default, all clients must use the current
|
||||
<command>fdb.cluster</command> file to access a given FoundationDB cluster.
|
||||
This file is located by default in
|
||||
<command>/etc/foundationdb/fdb.cluster</command> on all machines with the
|
||||
FoundationDB service enabled, so you may copy the active one from your cluster
|
||||
to a new node in order to connect, if it is not part of the cluster.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Backups and Disaster Recovery</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The usual rules for doing FoundationDB backups apply on NixOS as written
|
||||
in the FoundationDB manual. However, one important difference is the security
|
||||
profile for NixOS: by default, the <command>foundationdb</command> systemd unit
|
||||
uses <emphasis>Linux namespaces</emphasis> to restrict write access to the
|
||||
system, except for the log directory, data directory, and the
|
||||
<command>/etc/foundationdb/</command> directory. This is enforced by default
|
||||
and cannot be disabled.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>However, a side effect of this is that the <command>fdbbackup</command>
|
||||
command doesn't work properly for local filesystem backups: FoundationDB uses a
|
||||
server process alongside the database processes to perform backups and copy the
|
||||
backups to the filesystem. As a result, this process is put under the
|
||||
restricted namespaces above: the backup process can only write to a limited
|
||||
number of paths.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>In order to allow flexible backup locations on local disks, the
|
||||
FoundationDB NixOS module supports a
|
||||
<option>services.foundationdb.extraReadWritePaths</option> option. This option
|
||||
takes a list of paths, and adds them to the systemd unit, allowing the
|
||||
processes inside the service to write (and read) the specified
|
||||
directories.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>For example, to create backups in <command>/opt/fdb-backups</command>,
|
||||
first set up the paths in the module options:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>
|
||||
services.foundationdb.extraReadWritePaths = [ "/opt/fdb-backups" ];
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>Restart the FoundationDB service, and it will now be able to write to
|
||||
this directory (even if it does not yet exist.) Note: this path
|
||||
<emphasis>must</emphasis> exist before restarting the unit. Otherwise, systemd
|
||||
will not include it in the private FoundationDB namespace (and it will not add
|
||||
it dynamically at runtime).</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>You can now perform a backup:</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<programlisting>
|
||||
$ sudo -u foundationdb fdbbackup start -t default -d file:///opt/fdb-backups
|
||||
$ sudo -u foundationdb fdbbackup status -t default
|
||||
</programlisting>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Known limitations</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>The FoundationDB setup for NixOS should currently be considered beta.
|
||||
FoundationDB is not new software, but the NixOS compilation and integration has
|
||||
only undergone fairly basic testing of all the available functionality.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
<itemizedlist>
|
||||
<listitem><para>TLS plugin support is compiled in, but it's currently not
|
||||
possible to specify the set of TLS certificate options in
|
||||
<command>services.foundationdb</command></para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>There is no way to specify individual parameters for
|
||||
individual <command>fdbserver</command> processes. Currently, all server
|
||||
processes inherit all the global <command>fdbmonitor</command> settings.
|
||||
</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Python bindings are not currently installed.</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Ruby bindings are not currently installed.</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Java bindings are not currently installed.</para></listitem>
|
||||
<listitem><para>Go bindings are not currently installed.</para></listitem>
|
||||
</itemizedlist>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Options</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>NixOS's FoundationDB module allows you to configure all of the most
|
||||
relevant configuration options for <command>fdbmonitor</command>, matching it
|
||||
quite closely. For a complete list of all options, check <command>man
|
||||
configuration.nix</command>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
<section><title>Full documentation</title>
|
||||
|
||||
<para>FoundationDB is a complex piece of software, and requires careful
|
||||
administration to properly use. Full documentation for administration can be
|
||||
found here: <link xlink:href="https://apple.github.io/foundationdb/"/>.</para>
|
||||
|
||||
</section>
|
||||
|
||||
</chapter>
|
||||
Loading…
Reference in a new issue